采用双转子连续混炼机,将氢氧化镁(MH)和硼酸锌(ZB)颗粒添加到线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)和乙烯丙烯酸乙酯共聚物(EEA)中,制备了无卤阻燃复合材料。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、燃烧实验机和拉伸机研究了复合材料的显微形貌、断面形貌、阻燃性能和力学性能。结果表明:增加混炼次数可有效地改善LLDPE/EAA/MH/ZB复合材料中阻燃颗粒的聚集现象,3次混炼可使阻燃颗粒均匀分布在基体中;MH和ZB比例增大可有效地提高复合材料的阻燃性能,LLDPE∶EAA∶MH∶ZB=25∶3∶65∶7(质量比)时,复合材料阻燃性能最好,达到UL-94防火标准的V-0等级;阻燃颗粒比例较大的复合材料拉伸强度和伸长率也较差,拉伸断裂时阻燃颗粒与基体间的界面为裂纹发生处。
Halogen-free flame retardant composites were synthesized by adding magnesium hydroxide (MH) and zinc borate (ZB) particles to linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA) using a twin-screw continuous mixer.The microstructure,fracture structure,flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),combustion experimental equipment and tensile tester.The results shown that increasing the mixing number can effectively improve the aggregation of flame retardant particles in LLDPE/EAA/MH/ZB,and the 3 times mixing can evenly distribute the flame-retardant particles in the matrix.The increase of the ratio of MH and ZB can effectively improve the flame retardant performance of the composite.When the mass ratio of LLDPE,EAA,MH and ZB was 25∶3∶65∶7,the composite material had the best flame retardant performance and achieved V-0 rating of the UL-94 fireproof standard.Due to the difference in physical properties between the flame retardant particles and the matrix,the tensile strength and elongation of the composite with a large proportion of flame retardant particles were reduced.The interface between the flame retardant particles and the matrix was a crack source during the tensile fracture.
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基金资助
西京学院科研计划项目(150215);国家科技重大专项(2017ZX04011010)
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