碳微球具有优异的物理和化学性能,在物理、生物、材料学、化学工业、催化剂载体、吸附载体等领域具有独特的优势和广阔的应用前景。综述了碳微球的制备方法,如化学气相沉积法、溶剂(水)热法、模板法、乳化法、热缩聚法、高温热解法、超声法、浮悬法、还原法、电弧放电法、机械球磨法等,对比了不同制备方法的优缺点。介绍了不同方法制备的碳微球在电极材料、吸附材料、模板制作、催化剂载体等应用领域的研究进展。
Carbon microspheres have excellent physical and chemical properties.They have unique advantages and broad application prospects in many fields,such as physics,biology,electromagnetics,chemical industry,catalyst carrier,adsorption carrier and so on.Several preparation methods of carbon microspheres were reviewed,such as chemical vapor deposition,solvent (water) thermal method,template method,emulsification method,thermal condensation method,pyrolysis at high temperature,ultrasonic method,suspension method,reduction method,arc discharge method,mechanical ball milling method,etc.The advantages and disadvantages of different methods were compared.At the same time,the latest research progress of carbon microspheres prepared by different methods was also introduced and applied in the fields of lithium ion battery electrode materials,electrochemical capacitor electrode materials,hollow spherical material template,adsorption materials,fuel cell catalyst carrier,hydrogen storage materials and so on.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(21473126);湖北省教育厅项目(B2014094)
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