以陇东地区生物质废弃物杏壳为原料,采用微波热裂解-KOH活化联合法制备活性炭,研究了微波功率和时间,活化过程中KOH溶液的浓度、用量、浸渍时间、加热活化温度和时间对活性炭吸附性能的影响;以甲基橙为染料模拟印染废水,研究了甲基橙初始浓度、振荡吸附时间和活性炭用量对吸附效果的影响。结果表明:微波功率800W,热裂解30min,生物炭的收率为56%;KOH溶液的浓度为25%,碱/炭为2.5∶1,活化温度800℃,加热活化1.5h,所制备活性炭的碘吸附值为1332mg/g,比表面积为1223m2/g,总孔体积为0.68cm3/g,活性炭的得率为32.7%;甲基橙浓度为250mg/g,振荡吸附240min,活性炭用量为每100mL甲基橙溶液0.15g时,甲基橙去除率高达99.78%;吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程。
Activated carbon(AC) was prepared from apricot shell of biomass waste in Longdong region by microwave pyrolysis-KOH activation combination method.The effects of microwave power and time,the concentration and dosage of KOH solution,dipping time,heating activation temperature and time on the adsorption performance of AC were studied.Using methyl orange as simulated dyeing wastewater,the effects of initial concentration of methyl orange,oscillating adsorption time and AC content on the adsorption result were studied.The results showed that the yield of biochar was 56% at 800W microwave power and 30min pyrolysis.The concentration of KOH solution was 25%,alkali/carbon was 2.5∶1,the activation temperature of 800℃,heating activation 1.5h.The iodine adsorption value of AC prepaed was 1332mg/g,BET specific surface area was 1223m2/g,total pore volume was 0.68cm3/g,the yield of AC was 32.7%.When the concentration of methyl orange was 250mg/g,the adsorption time was 240min,and the amount of AC was 0.15g per 100mL of methyl orange solution,the removal rate of methyl orange was up to 99.78%.The adsorption process conformed to the quasi-second order kinetic equation.
[1] Lehmann J.A handful of carbon[J].Nature,2007,447:143-144.
[2] 孙红文.生物炭与环境[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2013,20.
[3] 王程,曹强,汤海涌,等.活性炭的应用研究进展[J].化学与生物工程,2019,36(1):11-14.
[4] Vakili M,Rafatullah M,Salamatinia B,et al.Application of chitosan and its derivatives as adsorbents for dye removal from water and wastewater:a review[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2014,113:115-130.
[5] Ali N,Hameed A,Ahmed S.Physicochemical characterization and bioremediation perspective of textile effluent,dyes and metals by indigenous Bacteria[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,164:322-328.
[6] Liu H L,Chiou Y R.Optimal decolorization efficiency of reactive Red 239 by UV/TiO2 photocatalytic process coupled with response surface methodology[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2005,112:173-179.
[7] Asouhidou D D,Triantafyllidis K S,Lazaridis N K,et al.Sorption of reactive dyes from aqueous solutions by ordered hexagonal and disordered mesoporous carbons[J].Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,2009,117(1-2):257-267.
[8] Ozdemir O,Armagan B,Turan M,et al.Comparison of the adsorption characteristics of azo-reactive dyes on mezoporous minerals[J].Dyes and Pigments,2004,62(1):49-60.
[9] Cristóvao R O,Tavares A P M,Ribeiro A S,et al.Kinetic modelling and simulation of laccase catalyzed degradation of reactive textile dyes[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(11):4768-4774.
[10] Dawood S,Sen T K.Removal of anionic dye Congo red from aqueous solution by raw pine and acid-treated pine cone powder as adsorbent:equilibrium,thermodynamic,kinetics,mechanism and process design[J].Water Research,2012,46:1933-1946.
[11] Wang S B,Zhu Z H.Characterisation and environmental application of an Australian natural zeolite for basic dye removal from aqueous solution[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,136(3):946-952.
[12] Yang Z,Ji S S,Gao W,et al.Magnetic nanomaterial derived from graphene oxide/layered double hydroxide hybrid for efficient removal of methyl orange from aqueous solution[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2013,408:25-32.
[13] Ahmad A,Mohd-Setapar S H,Chuong C S,et al.Recent advances in new generation dye removal technologies:novel search for approaches to reprocess wastewater[J].RSC Advances,2015,5(39):30801-30818.
[14] Heibati B,Rodriguez-Couto S,Al-Ghouti M A,et al.Kinetics and thermodynamics of enhanced adsorption of the dye AR 18 using activated carbons prepared from walnut and poplar woods[J].Journal of Molecular Liquids,2015,208:99-105.
[15] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 32560—2016,活性炭的分类和命名[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[16] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 12496.8—2015,木质活性炭试验方法—碘吸附值的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[17] Lin K L,Pan J Y,Chen Y W,et al.Study the adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution on hydroxyapatite nanopowders[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,161(1):231-240.
[18] 吴永红,张晓宇,周佳玲,等.石油焦基活性炭的制备及处理甲基橙废水的研究[J].应用化工,2017,46(1):50-53.
[19] 刘晓红,王省伟,康妮娜,等.核桃果皮基活性炭对甲基橙和酸性品红的吸附性能[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(5):2155-2159.
[20] Juang R S,Wu F C,Tseng R L.Mechanism of adsorption of dyes and phenols from water using activated carbons prepared from plum kernels[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2000,227(2):437-444.
[21] Gao X M,Dai Y,Zhang Y,et al.Effective adsorption of phenolic compound from aqueous solutions on activated semi coke[J].Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids,2017,102:142-150.
[22] Deng L,Shi Z,Li B,et al.Adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ) and phosphate on Mg-Al hydrotalcite supported kaolin clay prepared by ultrasound-assisted co-precipitation method using batch and fixed-bed systems[J].Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2014,53(18):7746-7757.
[23] Yan L G,Yang K,Shan R R,et al.Kinetic,isotherm and thermodynamic investigations of phosphate adsorption onto core-shell Fe3O4@LDHs composites with easy magnetic separation assistance[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2015,448:508-516.
基金资助
2018年度甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2018B-119)
PDF
(1833KB)
