利用水溶液聚合法,以海藻酸钠、高岭土为原料,制备高岭土/海藻酸钠接枝丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺复合保水剂。研究了反应条件对保水剂吸液性能的影响,同时对所制保水剂在土壤中的降解性能和节水保肥效果进行探讨。结果表明:当海藻酸钠用量为12%时,保水剂在土壤中90d的降解率为25.98%;保水剂能够提高玉米生物量、水肥利用率,同时降低养分的淋溶损失,提高土壤速效养分含量,施用0.1%保水剂能够提高玉米生物量19.50%,水分利用率15.90%,氮利用效率增加47.23%,土壤中碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别增加了15.29%、23.48%和19.79%。
Using sodium alginate and kaolin as raw materials,kaolin/sodium alginate-grafted poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) (KL/SA-PAA-AM) was prepared by aqueous solution polymerization.The influence of reaction conditions on the absorbency were studied,degradation performance in soil and water and fertilizer conservation of KL/SA-PAA-AM were also discussed.The results showed that KL/SA-PAA-AM had good biodegradation,the degradation rate risen significantly with the increase of SA,the amount of SA was about 12wt% of total weight,the degradation ratio reached over 25% in soil after 90d.The application of KL/SA-PAA-AM could increase the biomass of corn,effectively improved the water and fertilizer use efficiency,reduce the leaching loss of nutrients and increase available nutrient in soil.And with the increase of the amount of KL/SA-PAA-AM,the effect was more obvious.Compared to the control,apply 1g KL/SA-PAA-AM in 1kg soil can improve maize biomass 19.50%.The water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were increased by 15.90% and 47.23%,respectively.The alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in soil increased by 15.29%,0.48% and 19.79%,respectively.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(30971867和31172031);广东省普通高校省级重大科研项目(自然科学)(粤教科函[2015]3号);广州市科技计划项目产学研协同创新重大专项(201704020187);广东省农业科技创新及推广项目(2019KJ118)
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