以丁腈橡胶为基体材料,粒径74μm的聚丙烯酸钠为吸水组分,通过物理共混法制备了聚丙烯酸钠/丁腈橡胶硫化胶,对其流变性能、吸水性能以及吸水膨胀过程进行了表征,利用拉曼光谱仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪分别对其吸水过程和吸水后析出物进行了研究。结果表明:吸水树脂聚丙烯酸钠用量超过40份时,其在橡胶基体中更容易团聚,难以分散,Payne效应增强,储能模量和损耗因子增加。随着聚丙烯酸钠用量的增加,聚丙烯酸钠/丁腈橡胶硫化胶的吸水速率增大,且最大吸水膨胀率明显增大;当聚丙烯酸钠用量为50份时,聚丙烯酸钠/丁腈橡胶硫化胶最终吸水膨胀率达到171.65%。但是拉曼光谱研究发现,试样表层的聚丙烯酸钠在20s左右完全析出,当聚丙烯酸钠用量为50份时,质量损失率达到21.25%。傅里叶变换红外光谱及热重分析表明,聚丙烯酸钠/丁腈橡胶硫化胶析出物大部分为聚丙烯酸钠,同时还含有少量的橡胶加工助剂。

The water-absorbing sodium polyacrylate/nitrile rubber sulfide was prepared by physical blending method with nitrile rubber as matrix material and sodium polyacrylate with particle size of 74 μm as water-absorbing component.The rheological properties,water-absorbing properties and water-absorbing swelling process of the rubber were characterized.The precipitation after absorbing water was studied by FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy.The results showed that with the increase of sodium polyacrylate resin,more than 40 copies,it was easier to agglomerate in rubber matrix,difficult to disperse,Payne effect enhanced,energy storage modulus and loss factor increased.With the increase of sodium polyacrylate resin content,the slope of the curve increased,indicating that the water absorption rate increased,and the maximum expansion rate also increased significantly.When the dosage of sodium polyacrylate was 50 copies,the final water absorption expansion rate of sodium polyacrylate/nitrile rubber compound reached at 171.65%.However,the sodium polyacrylate on the surface layer of the sample was completely precipitated in about 20s,and the mass loss rate reached 21.25% when the water-absorbent resin content was 50 parts.FT-IR and TG studies showed that most of the precipitates of sodium polyacrylate/NBR were sodium polyacrylate,and a small amount of rubber additives were precipitated at the same time.