我国是一个干旱缺水严重的国家,其中农业耗水量最多,占总耗水量的70%以上,如何提高水资源利用率,减少农业耗水量是急需解决的问题。高吸水性树脂的出现,为解决上述问题提供了可能。越来越多的研究发现,高吸水性树脂用于农业生产,不但可以保水保肥,还能促进植物生长。对合成聚合物类、生物质类、有机-无机复合类高吸水性树脂进行了详细介绍,对其在农业生产中的最新应用研究进行概述,并对其在应用中存在的一些问题进行讨论,指出今后重点是对高吸水倍率、高机械强度的生物基吸水树脂的研发。
Drought and water shortage is serious in our country.While the water consumption in agriculture is the largest,accounting for more than 70% of the total water consumption.How to improve the utilization rate of water resources and reduce agricultural water consumption is an urgent problem to be solved.The emergence of superabsorbent resins has made it possible to solve the above problems.More and more studies have found that the application of superabsorbent resin in agriculture not only can save water and fertilizer,but also can promote plant growth.Synthetic polymers,biomass and organic-inorganic composite superabsorbent were introduced,and the latest research on their application in agriculture was summarized with discussing the existing problems in practical application.And it was pointed out that the focus in the future was on the development of bio-based water-absorbing resins with high water absorbency and high mechanical strength.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(31172031);广东省普通高校省级重大科研项目(自然科学)(粤教科函[2015]3号);广州市科技计划项目产学研协同创新重大专项(201704020187)
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