采用溶液聚合法制备了磺化腐植酸保水剂,探讨了影响磺化腐植酸保水剂制备的因素,采用扫描电镜、红外光谱和X射线衍射仪等手段对制备的保水剂进行表征,并用吸水倍数对保水剂在不同介质中的吸水时间、不同温度条件下的吸水性能和沙土的保水性能进行分析。结果表明:在磺化腐植酸投加量为0.3g、中和度为60%、n(KPS)/n(AA)为0.002、n(MBA)/n(AA)为0.0003时,其吸水倍数高达1034g/g;腐植酸在接枝前后,表面形貌发生变化,且其表面积明显增大;腐植酸接枝后具有丙烯酸的特征基团,磺酸基团可能被负载;腐植酸在磺化前后以及接枝前后性质发生了改变。所制保水剂在吸水2h后趋于饱和,在蒸馏水中的吸水效果最好,较低温度时吸水效果也较好。随使用时间的延长,在沙土中吸水倍数逐渐下降。

The sulfonated humic acid aquasorb was prepared by solution polymerization method.The factors affecting the preparation were discussed.The prepared aquasorb was characterized by SEM,FT-IR and XRD.The water absorption time of aquasorb in different mediums,the water absorption capacity under different temperature conditions and the water holding capacity of sandy soil were analyzed.The results of single factor test showed that when the dosage of sulfonated humic acid was 0.3g,the degree of neutralization was 60%,n(KPS)/n(AA) was 0.002,n(MBA)/n(AA) was 0.0003,the water absorption capacity was 1034g/g.SEM images showed that the surface morphology of humic acid changed before and after grafting,and its surface area increased obviously.FT-IR showed that the humic acid grafts had characteristic groups of acrylic acid,and the sulfonic acid groups may be supported.The XRD showed that the properties of humic acid changef after sulfonation and grafting.Application performance tests showed that the aquasorb tends to be saturated after 2h of water absorption,the best water absorption effect was in distilled water,and the lower temperature was better.With the extension of use time,the water absorption in the sand gradually decreased.