采用超声波对竹子进行预处理,通过单因素试验获得合适的处理时间和浴比。实验结果表明:处理时间30min、浴比1∶10为超声波仪器处理竹粉的最优参数值,在此条件下,超声波处理后得到的总糖产量最高。对超声波处理后的竹子进行红外光谱测试(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和竹子保水值测定可得:超声波不会改变竹子的内部分子结构,但是其辐射会在竹子内部造成“爆破”效应,超声波处理后竹子的纤维素、木质素和半纤维素均有一部分被除去,竹子吸水率提高了22%,木质纤维素构造发生变化,并且竹子致密的结构被打开,有利于提高竹子的脱胶效率。

The effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on the bamboo was mainly focused.The effect of ultrasonic treatment time and bath ratio was evaluated through the single-factor experiment.According to the experiment and based on the treatment time and bath ratio,it can be concluded that the preferred treating parameters for bamboo powders were:the processing time of 30min and bath ratio of 1∶10.Under this condition,the highest total sugar yield can be obtained.FT-IR,SEM and water retention tests revealed that the treatment led to a “blasting” effect inside the bamboo,by which the resisting lignocellulosic structure degradation had been changed.However,the internal molecular structure of bamboo was maintained.After the treatment,hemicellulose,cellulose and lignin were partly removed,the bibulous rate of bamboo increased by 22%,and the construction of lignocellulose was changed and the bamboo structure was opened,which helped to improve the efficiency for bamboo degumming.