金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)是一种由金属离子与有机配体自组装而成的新型多孔骨架材料。将高孔隙率、结构可调的MOFs材料与其他功能材料结合构建复合材料,可以发挥超于原材料的优良特性。金属有机骨架(MOF)复合材料作为新型功能材料发展迅速,并应用于气体吸附、分离与存储、催化、气体传感、药物传输等方面,甚至因两种材料间的相互作用而产生的协同效应将应用领域延伸至燃料电池、电催化等。简单介绍了MOF复合材料的种类,与MOFs构建复合材料的材料包括碳基材料、有机高分子材料、多金属氧酸盐、金属纳米颗粒、金属氧化物、SiO2材料、量子点、生物酶等。分析了各种MOF复合材料在气体吸附与存储、多相催化、化学传感等领域的应用。最后,对MOF复合材料的应用前景进行了展望,功能化、低成本、易于工业化生产的MOF复合材料是今后研究开发的方向。
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new kind of porous skeleton materials by self-assembly with metal ions and organic ligands.The composite materials composed by high porous,adjustable MOFs and other functional materials can play or go beyond their excellent characteristics.MOF composites as a new type of functional materials developed rapidly,and used in gas adsorption,separation and storage,catalysis,gas sensing,drug delivery,and even extended to the fuel cell,electric catalytic fields due to synergistic effect.The kinds of MOF composites were simply introduced.The materials were used to build composites including carbon-based materials,organic polymer materials,polyoxometallates,metal nanoparticles,metallic oxides,SiO2 materials,quantum dots,bio-enzymes and so on.The applications of various MOF composites in gas adsorption and storage,heterogeneous catalysis and chemical sensors were analyzed.Finally,the application prospect of MOF was out looked,and functional,low-cost,easy to produce industrially MOF composites were the direction of efforts in future.
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基金资助
中国石化安全工程研究院青年创新项目(YQ-13)
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