针对工业固废资源化利用的需求,采用钢渣、煤矸石、脱硫石膏和电石渣组成四元胶凝材料体系,通过凝结时间和力学强度性能试验,明确材料间的协同反应过程,及对性能的影响规律。随后,采用响应曲面法对多元固废基胶凝材料的配比进行优化,明确最优配比,最后通过X射线衍射分析以及扫描电子显微镜表征,揭示多元固废基胶凝材料的强度形成机理。结果表明:基于响应曲面法确定最优配比为钢渣:煤矸石:脱硫石膏:电石渣=50.1:31.9:9.3:8.6。此配比下材料的28d抗压强度为34.2MPa,抗折强度为5.82MPa,初凝时间和终凝时间分别为329min和534min。此外,响应曲面法拟合精度较高,能够精确预测自变量与响应变量间的相关性。微观结构实验表明,电石渣提供的碱性环境能够有效激发煤矸石中活性Si/Al物质溶出,其水化产物以C-S-H凝胶为主,与AFt交织形成微观致密结构,并有效填充孔隙。
In response to the demand for industrial solid waste resource utilization,this study developed a quaternary cementitious material system composed of steel slag,coal gangue,desulfurization gypsum,and carbide slag.Through tests on setting time and mechanical strength performance,the synergistic reaction process among the materials and their impact on performance were clarified.Subsequently,the response surface method was used to optimize the proportion of multi-component solid waste-based cementitious materials,identifying the optimal mix ratio.Finally,X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy tests were conducted to reveal the strength formation mechanism of multi-component solid waste-based cementitious materials.The results indicated that the optimal mix ratio determined by the response surface method was steel slag:coal gangue:desulfurization gypsum:carbide slag=50.1:31.9:9.3:8.6.Under this mix ratio,the material achieved a 28-day compressive strength of 34.2MPa and a flexural strength of 5.82MPa,with initial and final setting times of 329 minutes and 534 minutes,respectively.Additionally,the response surface method demonstrated high fitting accuracy,enabling precise prediction of the correlation between independent and dependent variables.Microstructural tests revealed that the alkaline environment provided by carbide slag effectively activated the dissolution of reactive Si/Al substances in coal gangue.The hydration products were primarily C-S-H gel,which intertwined with AFt to form a micro-dense structure and effectively fill pores.
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基金资助
河北省自然科学基金面上项目(E2022402050)
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