壳聚糖(CS)作为原料制备的气凝胶展现出了优异的吸附性能和环境相容性,然而其力学性能存在不足之处,一旦吸附过多油类物质很容易开裂损坏。以木质素为增强剂,并与CS相互交联制备出复合气凝胶,能够有效解决传统气凝胶低强度的缺点,提升材料机械强度。首先,使用马来酸将木质素酯化为马来酸酯木质素(EL),提升复合气凝胶的疏水性,然后通过EL/CS复合气凝胶中EL含量的调控,获得一系列具有三维孔道结构的EL/CS复合气凝胶,并探究EL含量对EL/CS复合气凝胶性能的影响。结果表明:EL与CS相互交联构成垂直定向孔道结构有效提高了EL/CS复合气凝胶的综合性能;EL/CS复合气凝胶随着EL含量的增加其垂直定向孔道结构逐渐致密,当EL质量分数为0.15%时EL/CS复合气凝胶比表面积达到0.0213g/cm3,在垂直方向的压缩性能提升到24kPa;在甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)疏水改性后EL/CS复合气凝胶疏水角提升为134°,并对油类都表现出良好的吸附效果,以花生油为研究对象,最大吸附量达到63.9g/g。
Chitosan (CS)-based aerogels exhibit excellent adsorption performance and environmental compatibility.However,their mechanical properties remain inadequate,as they are prone to cracking and damage upon excessive adsorption of oily substances.By employing lignin as a reinforcing agent and crosslinking it with chitosan to form composite aerogels,the low strength of conventional aerogels can be effectively addressed,thereby enhancing the material's mechanical properties.This study first esterified lignin with maleic acid to produce maleated lignin (EL),improving the hydrophobicity of the composite aerogel.Subsequently,the EL content in various maleated lignin/chitosan composite aerogels was systematically regulated to obtain a series of EL/CS composite aerogels with three-dimensional porous structures.The influence of EL dosage on the performance of the composite aerogels was thoroughly investigated.The results demonstrated that the crosslinking between EL and CS formed a vertically aligned porous structure,significantly enhancing the overall performance of the composite aerogels.As the EL content increased,the vertically aligned porous structure of the EL/CS composite aerogels became progressively denser.When the EL mass fraction reaches 0.15wt%,the specific surface area of the composite aerogel attained 0.0213g/cm3,and its compressive strength in the vertical direction increased to 24kPa.After hydrophobic modification with methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS),the water contact angle of the EL/CS composite aerogel increased to 134°,demonstrating excellent oil adsorption performance.Using edible oil as a model adsorbed substance,the maximum adsorption capacity reached 63.9g/g.
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基金资助
内蒙古农业大学高层次人才启动项目(NDGCC2016-20);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(BR230302)
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