聚酰亚胺是高性能树脂,通过交联可进一步提高其综合性能,但也常带来难加工、难处理等问题。通过引入动态共价键,构建可逆交联聚合物网络,可有效改善上述问题。综述了动态共价键的分子设计策略及其对材料性能的调控机理,通过构建解离型与缔合型动态自适应网络,实现了交联网络的可逆拓扑重排,赋予材料自修复、可回收及再加工特性,使用动态交联聚酰亚胺制备的气凝胶、纤维、介电器件等具有高耐热性、机械性能及自修复性等优势。同时指出了动态交联聚酰亚胺在动态键稳定性调控、多性能协同等方面面临的挑战,并展望了其未来的发展趋势。
Polyimides are high-performance engineering resins,and crosslinking can further enhance their overall properties.However,it often leads to issues such as difficult processing and poor recyclability.Introducing dynamic covalent bonds into polyimide chains,to give reversibly crosslinked polymer networks,is a promising alternative for addressing these issues.This paper reviewed the molecular design strategies of dynamic covalent bonds and their regulation mechanisms on material properties.By constructing dissociative and associative dynamic adaptive networks,reversible topological rearrangement of crosslinked networks was achieved,endowing materials with self-healing,recyclability and reprocessability.Aerogels,fibers,dielectric devices,etc.prepared with dynamic crosslinked polyimides had advantages such as high thermal resistance,excellent mechanical properties and self-healing ability.At the same time,the challenges faced by dynamic crosslinked polyimides in the regulation of dynamic bond stability and multi-performance synergy were pointed out,and the future development trends were prospected.
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基金资助
河南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(252300421533);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(25B430035)
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