二氧化硅气凝胶(SA)作为性能最佳的保温隔热材料,作为填料添加进入水性乳液中,能够极大地提升涂料的保温隔热性能。但在水性乳液中的易团聚性限制了其进一步应用,因此亟待提高SA的分散均匀性,并以此为前提加入功能性填料来提升其耐久性、辐射反射性能,进而增强其隔热性能,从而最大程度地降低建筑能耗。通过综述SA改性处理、疏水SA表面改性方法、SA水性涂料的制备过程及研究进展,进一步探究SA的应用前景及发展方向。
Silica aerogel (SA),as the best-performing thermal insulation material,can significantly enhance the thermal insulation properties of coatings when incorporated as a filler into water-based emulsions.However,its tendency to agglomerate in aqueous emulsions limits its further application.Therefore,there is a pressing need to improve the dispersion homogeneity of SA.Under this premise,the addition of functional fillers can enhance its durability and radiative reflectivity,thereby improving its thermal insulation performance and minimizing building energy consumption to the greatest extent.By reviewing the modification treatments of SA,surface modification methods for hydrophobic SA,the preparation process of SA-based aqueous coatings and related research progress,this article further explored the application prospects and development directions of SA.
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