随着无线通信技术的快速发展和电子设备数量的大幅增加,电磁干扰问题日益凸显。因此,研究和开发高性能电磁波吸收材料显得尤为重要。生物质碳材料来源广泛、可再生、环境友好,且具备天然的多孔结构和丰富的极性官能团,在吸波材料领域具有广泛的应用前景。分析了电磁波吸收机理,阐述了生物质衍生碳吸波材料的特点,分别介绍了生物质碳/介电损耗型复合材料、生物质碳/导电损耗型复合材料、生物质碳/磁损耗型复合材料的制备及研究现状,总结了生物质碳复合吸波材料现阶段面临的挑战,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。
With the rapid advancement of wireless communication technology and the significant increase in the number of electronic devices,electromagnetic interference has become an increasingly prominent issue.Therefore,it is of great importance to develop high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbing materials.Biomass materials have wide availability,renewability,and environmental friendliness.They also possess natural porous structure and abundant polar functional groups,which endows them with broad application prospects in the field of microwave absorbing materials.This paper analyzed the microwave absorption mechanism,elaborated on the characteristics of biomass-derived carbon microwave absorbing materials,and introduced the preparation and research status of biomass carbon/dielectric loss type composite materials,biomass carbon/conductive loss type composite materials,and biomass carbon/magnetic loss type composite materials.It also summarized the challenges faced by biomass microwave absorbing materials at the present stage and their development trends.
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