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摘要
以石蜡(27.8℃)为芯材,三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(MF)为壳材,分别掺杂银纳米粒子、碳化硅纳米粒子和碳纳米管,采用“原位聚合-纳米粒子沉积法”制备了3种导热增强型相变微胶囊,采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、导热系数测试仪、差示扫描量热仪、热重分析仪对相变微胶囊的形貌、导热性能、储热性能、热稳定性进行了分析和测试。结果表明:与未改性相变微胶囊相比,导热增强型相变微胶囊具有完整的形貌,在掺杂比例相同条件下,掺杂碳纳米管改性的相变微胶囊导热系数提高了83.25%,达到0.2265W/(m·K);改性后的相变微胶囊熔融焓降低20.1%～28.1%,过冷现象受到抑制,最大失重速率温度由343℃提高到407℃,纳米复合相变微胶囊可实现储能材料的快速相变,能显著提升储能系统的能量转化效率。
Abstract
Three kinds of thermal enhanced phase change material microcapsules (PCMs) were prepared by “in situ polymerization-nanoparticle deposition method” using paraffin as core and melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF) as shell and incorporating silver nanoparticles,silicon carbide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes,respectively.The morphology,thermal conductivity,heat storage performance,and thermal stability of the microcapsules were analyzed and tested using field emission scanning electron microscopy,thermal conductivity testing,differential scanning calorimetry,and thermogravimetric analysis.The results showed that compared with the conventional microcapsules,these thermally enhanced microcapsules had intact morphology.Under the same doping ratio,the thermal conductivity of carbon nanotube-modified microcapsules increased by 83.25%,reaching 0.2265W/(m·K).The melting enthalpy of PCMs was reduced by 20.1%-28.1%,and the supercooling phenomenon was suppressed.The temperature corresponding to the maximum weight-loss rate increased from 343℃ to 407℃.The nano-composite PCM microcapsules fulfilled a rapid phase change action of energy storage and release,significantly improved energy conversion efficiency of the energy storage systems.
关键词
纳米粒子
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导热增强
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纳米复合结构
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相变微胶囊
Key words
nano-materials
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thermal enhancement
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nanocomposite structure
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phase change microcapsules
导热增强型相变微胶囊的制备及其性能研究[J].
化工新型材料, 2026, 54(5): 100-105 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2026.05.008
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