基于在优化岩土力学性质、提升基础荷载承载力以及改善工程结构整体稳定性等方面的独特优势,注浆技术广泛应用于地基加固、隧道支护、坝体防渗等方面。注浆材料作为注浆技术的核心,其性能的优劣直接决定了注浆效果的好坏以及工程的质量与安全。注浆材料的性能也有更为严苛的要求,需要材料具备良好的流动性、适宜的凝结时间、较高的强度和耐久性,还需满足绿色环保、经济高效等可持续发展需求。介绍了化学基、水泥基及地聚物基3种注浆材料的性能特点,并探讨了聚合物改性、纳米材料掺杂、纤维增强、水玻璃改性等性能调控方法对注浆材料工作流变性能、力学性能及耐久性的影响。最后展望了注浆材料在高效化、环保化与智能化工程方面的应用方向。
Based on its unique advantages in optimizing geotechnical mechanical properties,enhancing foundation load-bearing capacity,and improving the overall stability of engineering structures,the grouting technology is widely used in many engineering scenarios such as foundation reinforcement,tunnel support,and dam seepage prevention.As the core of grouting technology,the performance of grouting materials directly determines the effectiveness of grouting and the quality and safety of projects.With increasingly stringent requirements,grouting materials must exhibit excellent fluidity,appropriate setting time,high strength,and durability,while also meeting sustainable development demands such as environmental friendliness,cost-efficiency,and resource conservation.This paper introduced the performance characteristics of three common grouting materials:organic chemical-based,cement-based,and geopolymer-based.It explored the impact of performance regulation methods such as polymer modification,nanomaterial doping,fiber reinforcement,and sodium silicate modification on the working rheological properties,mechanical properties,and durability of grouting materials.Finally,future development directions were envisioned,focusing on efficiency enhancement,eco-friendly innovation,and intelligent engineering applications for grouting materials.
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