全氟和多氟烷基化合物(PFASs)广泛应用于化工、半导体、消防、工业制造等领域。由于其残留物可进入环境并在大范围内扩散,且C—F键具有高键能(485kJ/mol),导致PFASs在环境中难以降解,成为一类典型的持久性有机污染物。因此,PFASs的环境去除面临着巨大挑战。近年来,光化学降解作为一种新兴的PFASs降解技术,因反应条件温和与降解效率高等优势而备受关注。该技术通过光激发光催化剂产生活性自由基,进而实现PFASs分子的高效分解。其高度选择性和能量效率使其成为替代传统化学方法的有力选择。系统评述了PFASs光化学降解领域的最新研究进展,深入探讨了相关反应机制,并展望了未来发展方向与面临的挑战,旨在为研究人员设计高效PFASs光化学降解体系提供理论指导。
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are widely used in fields such as chemical engineering,semiconductors,firefighting,and industrial manufacturing.Because their residues can enter the environment and diffuse over a large area,and the C—F bond has a high bond energy of 485 kJ·mol-1,PFASs are difficult to degrade in the environment,making them a typical persistent organic pollutant.Therefore,the environmental removal of PFASs faces significant challenges.In recent years,photochemical degradation,as an emerging PFASs degradation technology,has attracted much attention due to its advantages of mild reaction conditions and high degradation efficiency.This technology generates active free radicals through photoexcited photocatalysts,thereby achieving efficient decomposition of PFASs molecules.Its high selectivity and energy efficiency make it a powerful alternative to traditional chemical methods.This article systematically reviewed the latest research progress in the field of photocatalytic degradation of PFASs,explored the relevant reaction mechanisms in depth,and looked forward to future development directions and challenges,providing theoretical guidance for researchers to design efficient PFASs photocatalytic degradation systems.
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基金资助
江苏省双创团队项目[(2018)2017号]
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