化工新型材料

化工新型材料 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (12) : 280-284. DOI: 10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2025.12.012

开发与应用

以稻谷壳为硅源的CaO/SiO₂复合材料的制备及其CO₂吸附性能研究

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Preparation of CaO/SiO₂ composites with rice husks as silicon source and their CO₂ adsorption performance

Yu Xinglian, Huang Tiancheng, Li Quanbei, Guo Pengzhuo, Feng Yanyan

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Received		Published
2024-11-12		2025-12-20
Issue Date	Revised Date
2025-12-17	2024-11-12

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摘要

采用生物模板法,以稻谷壳为硅源制备一系列CaO/SiO₂复合材料,并研究CaO含量对CaO/SiO₂复合材料形貌结构及CO₂吸附性能的影响。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、低温N₂吸附-脱附对复合材料的形貌结构进行分析;采用CO₂程序升温脱附测定复合材料对CO₂的吸附性能。结果表明:CaO质量分数为90%的CaO/SiO₂复合材料具有更小的晶粒尺寸,所形成的热稳定SiO₂和硅酸盐物质较多;其孔隙结构较丰富,表面的颗粒尺寸也较小,更利于CO₂与CaO活性组分的接触;与其他样品相比,样品90% CaO/SiO₂具有较好的CO₂吸附性能;以纳米颗粒形式存在的稻谷壳衍生SiO₂可以有效避免复合材料的烧结,减小CaO的晶粒尺寸,进而增强复合材料的CO₂吸附性能。

Abstract

A series of CaO/SiO₂ composites was synthesized through a bio-templating method with rice husks as the silicon source,and the effect of CaO contents on the morphology,structure and CO₂ adsorption performance of the obtained composites was investigated.The morphology and structure of the composites were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscope (SEM) and low-temperature N₂ adsorption/desorption,respectively,and the CO₂ adsorption capacity of the composites was determined by CO₂ temperature-programmed desorption (CO₂-TPD).The results showed that the CaO/SiO₂ composite with the CaO mass fraction of 90% presented smaller grain size,which formed more thermally stable SiO₂ and silicate substances.This composite possessed a richer pore structure and smaller surface particles,which was conducive to the contact of CO₂ and CaO.Compared with other samples,the 90% CaO/SiO₂ displayed a high CO₂ adsorption performance.The SiO₂ derived from rice husks,existing in the form of nanoparticles,effectively avoided the sintering of the composite,reduced the grain size of CaO,and thereby enhanced the CO₂ capture performance of the composite.

关键词

CO₂吸附 / 稻谷壳 / CaO/SiO₂复合材料 / 晶粒尺寸

Key words

CO₂ adsorption / rice husks / CaO/SiO₂ composite / grain size

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以稻谷壳为硅源的CaO/SiO₂复合材料的制备及其CO₂吸附性能研究[J]. 化工新型材料, 2025, 53(12): 280-284 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2025.12.012

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