太阳能驱动界面蒸发在海水淡化和水处理领域展现出非常大的应用潜力,然而有限的蒸发速率对这一技术的应用推广形成了巨大阻碍,研究表明三维光热材料是提升太阳能蒸发性能的有效措施。因此,通过碳化天然玉米芯获得了一种具有较大侧表面的三维光热材料,研究了该材料的微观结构、光热转换以及蒸发效果。结果表明:该蒸发器在太阳光照下的蒸发速率显著达到2.83kg/(m2·h),蒸发效率为123.52%,展示了非常高的光-热-汽转换能力,并且三维结构材料在6h 10%高盐浓度下仍具备一定的水蒸发能力[2.01kg/(m2·h)],然而在20%的高盐度下材料顶表面出现了明显盐结晶,蒸发速率被抑制到1.29kg/(m2·h)。进一步研究了外加流场对蒸发性能的影响,在 1m/s风速下,蒸发器能够以6.75kg/(m2·h)蒸发速率和134.46%蒸发效率稳定运行,在10%高盐度下仍然具有5.93kg/(m2·h)的蒸发速率,表明可以利用外加流场的方式有效提升太阳能蒸发效率。
Solar-driven interfacial evaporation shows great potential in the fields of seawater desalination and water treatment,but the limited evaporation rate has posed a huge obstacle to the promotion of this technology,and the research shows that three-dimensional photothermal materials are an effective measure to improve solar evaporation performance.Consequently,a three-dimensional photothermal material with a large side surface was obtained by carbonizing natural corn cobs,and the microstructure,photothermal conversion,and evaporation effect of the material were studied.The results showed that the evaporation rate of the evaporator was 2.83kg/(m2·h) and the evaporation efficiency was 123.52%,demonstrating a very high light-heat-vapor conversion capacity.The three-dimensional structural materials still had a certain water evaporation capacity [2.01kg/(m2·h)] at a high salt concentration of 10wt% for 6h.However,at a salinity of 20wt%,obvious salt crystals appeared on the top surface of the material,and the evaporation rate was suppressed to 1.29kg/(m2·h).The effect of the applied flow field on the evaporating performance was further investigated.The evaporator could operate stably with an evaporation rate of 6.75kg/(m2·h) and an evaporation efficiency of 134.46% at a wind speed of 1m/s,and still had an evaporation rate of 5.93kg/(m2·h) at a high salinity of 10wt%,indicating that the solar evaporation efficiency could be effectively enhanced by using an external flow field.
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基金资助
陕西省教育厅科研计划项目(24JP012)
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