以三水醋酸钠(SAT)为基质相变材料,十二水合磷酸氢二钠(DSP)为成核剂,羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)为增稠剂,采用熔融共混法,制备得到了热物性能良好的SAT/DSP/CMC复合相变储热材料,并应用于相变储热式电热水器样机中。通过实验研究了不同种类及比例的成核剂和增稠剂对SAT热物性能的影响。将该相变材料应用于相变储热式20L电热水器样机。结果表明:市场上传统的50L电热水器,储热完全后在不断电模式下可释放40℃热水100.5L,能量可利用率为50.5%;相同工况下,相变储热式20L电热水器可释放40℃热水169L,能量可利用率为84.8%,显著提升了热水器容量和能量利用效率,表明该SAT复合相变储热材料在储热式电热水器中实际应用前景广阔。
Using sodium acetate trihydrate (SAT) as the matrix phase change material,dodecahydrate disodium hydrogen phosphate (DSP) as the nucleating agent,and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as the thickening agent,a composite phase change thermal storage material (SAT/DSP/CMC) with excellent thermal properties was prepared via melt blending method and applied in the prototype of phase change heat storage electric water heater.The effects of varying types and ratios of nucleating agents and thickening agents on the thermal properties of SAT were investigated through experiments.The phase change material was applied in a 20L phase change thermal storage electric water heater prototype.The material's performance was compared to a traditional 50L electric water heater and the results indicated that while the traditional heater released 100.5L of 40℃ hot water with an energy utilization rate of 50.5%,the phase change heater released 169L with an energy utilization rate of 84.8%.These findings demonstrated significant improvements in capacity and energy efficiency,and indicated the broad application potential of SAT composite materials in thermal storage electric water heaters.
[1] Deshmukh M K G,Sameeroddin M,Abdul D,et al.Renewable energy in the 21st century:a review[J].Materials Today:Proceedings,2023,80(P3):1756-1759.
[2] 屈仁均,邹进,吴家声.一种新型家用电热水器的可行性研究[J].天津化工,2002,32(1):41-43.
[3] Wang J F,Xie H Q,Guo Z X,et al.Using organic phase-change materials for enhanced energy storage in water heaters:an experimental study[J].Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer,2019,26(2):167-178.
[4] Wang B,Zhang Y J,Liu X X,et al.Tou electricity price mechanism optimization considering source-load interaction of low-voltage distribution area under targets of carbon peak and carbon neutrality[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology (Social Sciences Edition),2023,25(6):34-45.
[5] Nair A M,Wilson C,Huang M J,et al.Phase change materials in building integrated space heating and domestic hot water applications:a review[J].Journal of Energy Storage,2022,54:105227-105255.
[6] Sarbu I,Dorca A.Review on heat transfer analysis in thermal energy storage using latent heat storage systems and phase change materials[J].Applied Energy,2019,43(1):29-64.
[7] 方桂花,张文涛,于孟欢,等.相变储能材料三水醋酸钠的研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2021,49(8):16-20.
[8] 袁新辉,崔文彬,孙建航,等.相变蓄热材料成核触发方法和机理综述[J].化工新型材料,2022,50(11):49-55.
[9] Wong-Pinto L S,Milian Y,Ushak S.Progress on use of nanoparticles in salt hydrates as phase change materials[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2020,122:109727-109741.
[10] 朱思贤,邹得球,鲍家明,等.相变材料的过冷特性及调控研究进展[J].材料导报,2020,34(19):19075-19082.
[11] Zhao Y,Zhang X L,Xu X F,et al.Research progress in nucleation and supercooling induced by phase change materials[J].Journal of Energy Storage,2020,27:101156-101167.
[12] Li J J,Parkes M A,Salzmann C G.Extensive screening and performance testing of nucleating agents for the sodium acetate trihydrate phase-change material[J].Crystal Growth & Design,2024,24:8292-8300.
[13] 李金田,茅靳丰.无机水合盐三水乙酸钠作相变储热材料的研究进展[J].储能科学与技术,2018,7(5):881-887.
[14] Wang Y,Yu K X,Peng H,et al.Preparation and thermal properties of sodium acetate trihydrate as a novel phase change material for energy storage[J].Energy,2019,167:269-274.
[15] Rendall J,Elatar A,Nawaz K,et al.Medium-temperature phase change material integration in domestic heat pump water heaters for improved thermal energy storage[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2023,185:113656-113670.
[16] Beaupere N,Soupremanien U,Zalewski L.Nucleation triggering methods in supercooled phase change materials (PCM),a review[J].Thermochimica Acta,2018,670:184-201.
[17] Naumann R,Fanghänel T,Emons H H.Thermoanalytical investigation of sodium acetate trihydrate for application as a latent heat thermal energy storage material[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis,1988,33(3):685-690.
[18] Eanest J B,Valan A A.A comprehensive review on latent heat and thermal conductivity of nanoparticle dispersed phase change material for low-temperature applications[J].Energy Storage Materials,2020,24:52-74.
[19] Xu S J,Cao D,Liu Y X,et al.Role of additives in crystal nucleation from solutions:a review[J].Crystal Growth & Design,2021,22(3):2001-2022.
[20] 曾翠华,张仁元.无机水合盐相变储热材料的过冷性研究[J].能源研究与信息,2005,21(1):44-49.
[21] Liu Y H,Wang L,Peng L,et al.Effect of additives on the cyclic thermal stability and thermal properties of sodium acetate trihydrate as a phase change material:an experimental study[J].Solar Energy,2022,231:473-483.
基金资助
安徽省科技重大专项项目(202203a05020046)
PDF
