生物质能源生产需要分离和提纯水中的乙醇,而目前传统乙醇分离富集技术获得的醇类纯度低且能耗高,新型高效分离提纯回收技术亟待开发。渗透汽化膜分离技术是一种绿色高效、操作简单的分离工艺,有望替代传统蒸馏技术用于醇类分离。膜材料作为渗透汽化膜分离技术的核心,是技术开发的关键。然而常规渗透汽化膜均存在分离小分子醇类效率低、选择性差等问题。介绍了渗透汽化膜分离水中乙醇的原料及国内外渗透汽化膜材料的开发现状,总结了传质原理的技术瓶颈,并提出了高效分离乙醇的渗透汽化膜材料开发与改性制备方案。
Ethanol in aqueous solutions needs to be separated and purified in the biomass energy production industry.However,at present,the traditional ethanol separation technology has the problems of low ethanol purity and high energy consumption.Therefore,new and efficient separation,purification and recovery technologies need to be developed.Pervaporation membrane separation technology (PVM) is expected to replace the traditional distillation technology for alcohol separation because it has the advantages of low environmental impact,high efficiency,simple operation process.Membrane material,as the core of PVM,is the key to the technology development.However,the conventional pervaporation membranes have the problems of low efficiency and poor selectivity for the separation of ethanol.In this study,the raw materials for pervaporation membranes used in ethanol-water separation as well as the research progress in the development of PVM materials were reviewed.The technical bottlenecks of the mass transfer principle were summarized.The development and modification of PVM materials for efficient separation of ethanol were proposed.
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基金资助
吉林省发展与改革委员会项目(2023C032-5);吉林省科技厅项目(2023101213JC)
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