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摘要
硬质聚氨酯泡沫由于反应时间短、膨胀倍数高、操作方便、强度高等优点,在机场道面抢修中具有广阔的应用前景。在机场抢修工程中,温度和时间等关键反应参数对此材料性能影响巨大,为指导抢修实践,设定了5℃、15℃、23℃和35℃这4种温度,以及0.5h、2h、4h和24h这4种固化时间,分别在这些条件下开展了反应时间、膨胀比和无侧限抗压强度(UCS)试验,并通过CT扫描进行内部结构的微观分析。结果表明:随着温度的升高,材料的反应时间逐渐缩短,在5℃时为20分30秒,在35℃时为3分20秒。材料的膨胀比随温度升高而减少,最大膨胀比为7.02,出现在35℃时。材料的抗压强度随温度升高呈现先增加后减少的趋势,在23℃时达到最高强度。低温条件下,材料内部泡孔较为致密,完全固化后内部仍有部分未反应材料;高温条件下,材料内部泡孔较大,密度和强度较低。材料在固化0.5h后,强度已达到最终强度的80%,固化4h后强度几乎达到最终强度。在固化初期,有部分泡孔未完全形成,底部孔隙较顶部孔隙多;完全固化后,底部孔隙较顶部孔隙更为致密,强度也更高。为达到最佳抢修效果,建议在23℃左右进行硬质聚氨酯泡沫的混合,材料在固化0.5h后其强度已能完全承担面层材料质量并且可通行车辆等机械。
Abstract
Rigid polyurethane foam,with its advantages of short reaction time,high expansion ratio,ease of operation,and high strength,holds great potential for use in rapid airport pavement repair.In airport repair projects,key reaction parameters such as temperature and time significantly impact the performance of this material.To guide repair practices,this study set four temperatures (5℃,15℃,23℃,and 35℃) and four curing times (0.5h,2h,4h,and 24h).Under these conditions,experiments were conducted to measure reaction time,expansion ratio,and unconfined compressive strength (UCS),along with microstructural analysis using CT scanning.The results indicated that as the temperature increased,the reaction time of the material gradually decreased,achieving 20 minutes 30 seconds at 5℃ and 3 minutes 20 seconds at 35℃.The expansion ratio of the material decreased with rising temperature,with the highest expansion ratio of 7.02 occurred at 35℃.The compressive strength of the material first increased and then decreased with rising temperature,reaching its peak strength at 23℃.At low temperatures,the internal pores of the material were denser,and some unreacted material remained even after full curing.At high temperatures,the internal pores were larger,resulting in lower density and strength.After 0.5h of curing,the material's strength reached 80% of its final strength,and after 4h,it nearly reached its final strength.In the early stage of curing,some pores were not fully formed,with more pores at the bottom than at the top.Once fully cured,the bottom pores became denser than the top ones,leading to higher strength at the bottom.For optimal repair outcomes,it was recommended to mix the rigid polyurethane foam at around 23℃.After 0.5h of curing,the material's strength was sufficient to fully support the weight of the surface materials and accommodated the passage of vehicles and machinery.
关键词
硬质聚氨酯泡沫
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温度
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固化时间
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抗压强度
Key words
rigid polyurethane foam
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temperature
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curing time
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compressive strength
反应温度和时间对硬质聚氨酯泡沫性能的影响[J].
化工新型材料, 2025, 53(9): 107-111 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2025.09.042
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(52308470);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2023-JC-YB-375)
