为改善间位芳纶的染色性能,采用不同质量分数的氢氧化钠溶液对间位芳纶进行预调控,使用阳离子R-29染料进行染色,探究氢氧化钠预调控对间位芳纶染色性能的影响。通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪分别对间位芳纶的晶体结构、表面形貌和化学结构进行表征,采用同步热分析仪测试其热性能;同时,评估了染色间位芳纶的K/S值、上染率、耐干湿摩擦色牢度、耐皂洗色牢度、耐日晒色牢度和力学性能。结果表明:氢氧化钠溶液质量分数为10%～50%时,预调控间位芳纶的结晶度分别下降了2.4%、2.95%、4.31%、5.01%和8.37%;纤维表面发生刻蚀,表面酰胺键断裂并产生新的活性基团;经50%氢氧化钠预调控染色间位芳纶的热性能较其他样品有所降低。染色性能测试表明,40%氢氧化钠预调控的间位芳纶染色效果最优,K/S值和上染率分别提高了87.26%和95.51%,耐皂洗色牢度提高了三级,耐日晒色牢度提高了两级;样品断裂强力和断裂伸长率均有所下降。
To improve the dyeing performance of meta-aramid,different mass fractions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions were used to pre-regulate the meta-aramid,followed by dyeing with cationic dyes R-29 to investigate the effect of NaOH pre-regulation on the dyeing performance of meta-aramid.The crystalline structure,surface morphology,and chemical structure of meta-aramid were characterized using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,respectively.The thermal performance was tested using thermogravimetric analysis.Additionally,the dyeing performance,including the K/S value,dye uptake,dry and wet rubbing fastness,wash fastness,light fastness,and mechanical properties,were evaluated.The results showed that when the mass fraction of NaOH solution was between 10% and 50%,the crystallinity of pre-regulated meta-aramid decreased by 2.4%,2.95%,4.31%,5.01%,and 8.37%,respectively.The fiber surface underwent etching,with amide bonds breaking and new active groups forming.The thermal performance of meta-aramid dyed after 50% NaOH pre-regulation was somewhat lower than that of other samples.Dyeing performance tests indicated that meta-aramid pre-regulated with 40% NaOH exhibited the best dyeing results,with the K/S value and dye uptake increasing by 87.26% and 95.51%,respectively.Wash fastness improved by three grades,light fastness by two grades;the tensile strength and elongation at break of the samples both showed a decline.
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