为进一步提升路用水性环氧树脂(WER)与水性聚氨酯(WPU)的工作性能,分别以相反转法、预聚体法和物理共混法制备了不同类型的路用WER、水性聚氨酯及WER改性水性聚氨酯,并基于乳液粒径、黏度、干燥时间、稳定性、拉伸性能和弯曲性能等性能指标优化了路用WER和水性聚氨酯的制备与组成,研究评价了WER改性水性聚氨酯的性能增强效果。结果表明:相转化法制备WER的适宜剪切速率为1300～1500r/min,其较优配方为E-51型环氧树脂+脂环胺型固化剂+16%非离子活性乳化剂GL8661;路用WER工作性能优异,其拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、弯曲强度和弯曲变形可分别达到34.46MPa、12.96%、76.87MPa、17.79mm;N-甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和聚氧乙烯醚(POE)这3种亲水扩链剂的推荐用量分别为6.6%、5.4%和5.2%,相应3种水性聚氨酯固化物的拉伸强度依次为5.22MPa、8.06MPa和8.24MPa,断裂伸长率分别为2045%、1718%和846%;水性聚氨酯经WER改性后性能增强显著,平均粒径和黏度分别增长91%～103%、58%～185%,拉伸强度增大98%～366%,断裂伸长率减小19%～53%,WER与WPUⅢ的相容性最好,WER-WPUI性能增强效果最好。
In order to further improve the working performance of waterborne epoxy resin (WER) and waterborne polyurethane (WPU),different types of waterborne epoxy resin,waterborne polyurethane and waterborne polyurethane modified by WER were prepared by inverse conversion method,prepolymer method and physical blending method,respectively.The preparation and composition of waterborne epoxy resin and waterborne polyurethane were optimized based on the performance indicators such as lotion particle size,viscosity,drying time,stability,tensile property and bending property,and the performance enhancement effect of waterborne epoxy resin modified waterborne polyurethane was studied and evaluated.The results showed that the suitable shear rate of WER prepared by phase transformation method was 1300～1500 r/min.The optimal formula was E-51 epoxy resin+cyclic amine curing agent+16% non-ionic active emulsifier GL8661.Road-use WER had excellent working performance,with tensile strength,elongation at break,bending strength,and bending deformation of 34.46MPa,12.96%,76.87MPa,and 17.79mm,respectively.The recommended dosages of three hydrophilic chain extenders,MDEA,DMPA,and POE,were 6.6%,5.4%,and 5.2%,respectively.The tensile strengths of the corresponding three waterborne polyurethane cured products were 5.22MPa,8.06MPa,and 8.24MPa,respectively,and the elongation at breaks were 2045%,1718%,and 846%,respectively.After modification with WER,the performance of waterborne polyurethane was significantly enhanced,with an average particle size and viscosity increases of 91%～103% and 58%～185%,respectively.The tensile strength increased by 98%～366%,and the elongation at break decreased by 19%～53%.The compatibility between WER and WPUⅢ was the best,and the WER-WPUI performance enhancement effect was the best.
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基金资助
陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2022TD-07);太行城乡建设集团有限公司科技项目(KT-2);陕西省博士后科研项目(2023BSHYDZZ120);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2024JC-YBQN-0562)
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