提高短切碳纤维在水中分散性是湿法工艺制备碳纤维纸的重要工序。以不同上浆剂处理的聚丙烯腈基短切碳纤维为研究对象,研究了纤维长度、纤维含量不同时2种上浆碳纤维的分散率和分散等级,并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、核磁共振氢谱仪和X射线光电子能谱仪等对上浆碳纤维和上浆剂的化学结构及元素含量进行表征。结果表明:亲水上浆剂处理的碳纤维表面含有更高的氧碳比和更高比例的亲水官能团。在质量分数0.1%的聚氧化乙烯水溶液中,长度3mm、6mm、10mm的亲水上浆碳纤维质量分数分别为0.04%、0.03%和0.02%时,分散率均超过80%、分散等级均为一级,满足碳纤维纸对分散率和分散等级的要求。
Improving the dispersion of chopped carbon fiber in water is an important process for the preparation of carbon fiber paper by wet process.Taking the polyacrylonitrile-based chopped carbon fibers treated with different sizing agents as the research objects,the dispersion rates and dispersion grades of the two kinds of sizing carbon fibers with different sizing lengths and fiber contents were studied.The chemical structures and elemental contents of the sizing carbon fibers and sizing agents were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The results showed that the surface of the carbon fiber treated with hydrophilic sizing agent contained a higher oxygen-to-carbon ratio and a higher proportion of hydrophilic functional groups.In the aqueous solution of polyethylene oxide with a mass fraction of 0.1%,when the mass fractions of hydrophilic sizing carbon fibers with a length of 3mm,6mm and 10mm were 0.04%,0.03% and 0.02%,respectively,their dispersion rates were more than 80%,and the dispersion grades were the first grade,meeting the requirements of carbon fiber paper for dispersion rate and dispersion grade.
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