长余辉发光是指激发光停止后发光仍能持续的现象,具有长余辉发光性质的材料称为长余辉材料。长余辉材料因光学性质独特而受到广泛关注。介绍了长余辉材料的发光机理以及缺陷对长余辉发光性能的影响,总结了目前用于调控长余辉材料发光性能的方法,包括材料的制备工艺(合成方法、反应温度和反应体系pH)、离子掺杂取代和表面包覆。最后展望了长余辉材料未来的研究方向。
Long afterglow luminescence refers to the phenomenon where long-lasting afterglow persists after the cessation of excitation.Materials with persistent luminescence property are called long afterglow materials,which are garnering increased research interest due to their unique optical property.The luminescence mechanism of long afterglow materials and the influence of defects on their luminescence performance were introduced.Subsequently,the current methods used to regulate the luminescence performance of long afterglow materials were summarized,including the preparation process (synthesis method,reaction temperature,and pH value),ion doping and substitution,and surface coating.Finally,the future research directions of long afterglow materials were prospected.
[1] Vij D R.Luminescence of solids[M].New York:Springer,1998.
[2] 刘应亮,雷炳富,邝金勇,等.长余辉发光材料研究进展[J].无机化学学报,2009,25(8):1323-1329.
[3] Zheng Y H,Wei H P,Liang P,et al.Near-infrared-excited multicolor afterglow in carbon dots-based room-temperature afterglow materials[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2021,60(41):22253-22259.
[4] Li Y,Gecevicius M,Qiu J R.Long persistent phosphors—from fundamentals to applications[J].Chemical Society Reviews,2016,45(8):2090-2136.
[5] Xu J,Tanabe S.Persistent luminescence instead of phosphorescence:history,mechanism,and perspective[J].Journal of Luminescence,2019,205:581-620.
[6] Fateminia S A,Mao Z,Xu S D,et al.Organic nanocrystals with bright red persistent room-temperature phosphorescence for biological applications[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2017,129(40):12328-12332.
[7] Han C M,Du R M,Xu H,et al.Ladder-like energy-relaying exciplex enables 100% internal quantum efficiency of white TADF-based diodes in a single emissive layer[J].Nature Communications,2021,12(1):3640.
[8] Jeon S O,Lee K H,Kim J S,et al.High-efficiency,long-lifetime deep-blue organic light-emitting diodes[J].Nature Photonics,2021,15(3):208-215.
[9] Zhang D,Qiu Y H,Xie Y R,et al.The improvement of structure and photoluminescence properties of ZnAl2O4∶Cr3+ ceramics synthesized by using solvothermal method[J].Materials Design,2017,115:37-45.
[10] Zhang X X,Zhou Z F,Ye F,et al.Fabrication and study of properties of the PLA/Sr2MgSi2O7∶Eu2+,Dy3+ long-persistent luminescence composite thin films[J].Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing,2015,40:130-135.
[11] Meng Y Z,Shen Y,Hou L Y,et al.Study on photocatalysis and dynamics properties of self-catalysis BiVO4 assembled in porous Sr2MgSi2O7∶Eu2+,Dy3+[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,655:1-5.
[12] Kato K,Tsutai I,Kamimura T,et al.Thermoluminescence properties of SrAl2O4∶Eu sputtered films with long phosphorescence[J].Journal of Luminescence,1999,82(3):213-220.
[13] Ishigaki T,Mizushina H,Uematsu K,et al.Microwave synthesis technique for long phosphorescence phosphor SrAl2O4∶Eu2+,Dy3+ using carbon reduction[J].Materials Science and Engineering:B,2010,173(1/2/3):109-112.
[14] Chang C K,Mao D L.Long lasting phosphorescence of Sr4Al14O25∶Eu2+,Dy3+ thin films by magnetron sputtering[J].Thin Solid Films,2004,460(1/2):48-52.
[15] Zhang M X,Li F F,Lin Y C,et al.Enhanced afterglow performance of CaAl2O4∶Eu2+,Nd3+ phosphors by co-doping Gd3+[J].Journal of Rare Earths,2021,39(8):930-937.
[16] Tian Y M,Zhang P,Zheng Z T,et al.A novel approach for preparation of Sr3Al2O6∶Eu2+,Dy3+ nanoparticles by sol-gel-microwave processing[J].Materials Letters,2012,73:157-160.
[17] Chang C K,Li W,Huang X J,et al.Photoluminescence and afterglow behavior of Eu2+,Dy3+ and Eu3+,Dy3+ in Sr3Al2O6 matrix[J].Journal of Luminescence,2010,130(3):347-350.
[18] Khalid A H,KontiS K.Thermographic phosphors for high temperature measurements:principles,current state of the art and recent applications[J].Sensors,2008,8(9):5673-5744.
[19] Yang X,Waterhouse G I,Lu S Y,et al.Recent advances in the design of afterglow materials:mechanisms,structural regulation strategies and applications[J].Chemical Society Reviews,2023,52(22):8005-8058.
[20] Pathak N,Mukherjee S,Das D,et al.Evolution of different defect clusters in Eu3+ doped KMgF3 and Eu3+,Li+ co-doped KMgF3 compounds and the immediate impact on the phosphor characteristics[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry C,2020,8(21):7149-7161.
[21] Huang Y L,Fan W B,Hou Y H,et al.Effects of intrinsic defects on the electronic structure and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4:a first-principles study[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,2017,429:263-269.
[22] Tuller H L,Bishop S R.Tailoring material properties through defect engineering[J].Chemistry Letters,2010,39(12):1226-1231.
[23] Zhang J C,Wang X H,Marriott G,et al.Trap-controlled mechanoluminescent materials[J].Progress in Materials Science,2019,103:678-742.
[24] Cai Y F,Chang S Y,Liu Z T,et al.Improving luminescence properties of submicron-sized spherical di-strontium magnesium silicate phosphors through morphology control[J].Journal of Materials Science:Materials in Electronics,2018,29:12381-12386.
[25] Zhai B G,Xu H F,Zhuo F L,et al.Annealing temperature dependent photoluminescence and afterglow of undoped CaAl2O4[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2020,821:153563.
[26] Pan W,Ning G L,Wang J H,et al.A novel synthesis of alkaline earth silicate phosphor Sr3MgSi2O8∶Eu2+,Dy3+[J].Chinese Journal of Chemistry,2007,25(5):605-608.
[27] Wang J,Ma Q Q,Zheng W,et al.One-dimensional luminous nanorods featuring tunable persistent luminescence for autofluorescence-free biosensing[J].ACS Nano,2017,11(8):8185-8191.
[28] Hu S S,Li Z H,Luo Q,et al.Facile synthesis of luminous nanoparticles with tunable size and long-lived luminescence for lifetime-based biosensing[J].Crystal Growth & Design,2019,19(4):2322-2328.
[29] Misevicius M,Jonikavicius K,Jørgensen J E,et al.Effect of partial substitution of Ca for Sr on crystal structure and luminescence of Ce-doped Sr4Al14O25[J].Journal of Solid State Chemistry,2019,274:116-123.
[30] Zhao L,Mao J S,Jiang B,et al.A new yellow long persistent luminescence phosphor Ca2Al2SiO7∶Eu2+,Tm3+ found by co-doping Ln3+(Ln=Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu) with Eu2+ in Ca2Al2SiO7 host[J].Journal of Luminescence,2019,206:6-10.
[31] Gupta S K,Sudarshan K,Modak P,et al.Design of need-based phosphors and scintillators by compositional modulation in the ZnGa2-xAlxO4∶Cr3+ spinel:pure compound versus solid solutions[J].Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics,2022,24(38):23790-23801.
[32] Wang J,Ma Q Q,Hu X X,et al.Autofluorescence-free targeted tumor imaging based on luminous nanoparticles with composition-dependent size and persistent luminescence[J].ACS Nano,2017,11(8):8010-8017.
[33] Huang K,Dou X J,Zhang Y F,et al.Enhancing light and X-ray charging in persistent luminescence nanocrystals for orthogonal afterglow anti-counterfeiting[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2021,31(22):2009920.
[34] Jiang X H,Gao X P,Li L Y,et al.Enhancement of light and X-ray charging in persistent luminescence nanoparticle scintillators Zn2SiO4∶Mn2+,Yb3+,Li+[J].ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,2023,15(17):21228-21238.
[35] Zhang Y,Wu Z J,Geng D L,et al.Full color emission in ZnGa2O4:simultaneous control of the spherical morphology,luminescent,and electric properties via hydrothermal approach[J].Advanced Functional Materials,2014,24(42):6581-6593.
[36] Sao S K,Brahme N,Bisen D,et al.Photoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties of Eu2+ doped and Eu2+,Dy3+ co-doped Ba2MgSi2O7 phosphors[J].Luminescence,2016,31(7):1364-1371.
[37] Yin L J,Ji W W,Liu S Y,et al.Intriguing luminescence pro-perties of (Ba,Sr)3Si6O9N4∶Eu2+ phosphors via modifying synthesis method and cation substitution[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,682:481-488.
[38] Li Z J,Yu N,Zhou J J,et al.Coloring afterglow nanoparticles for high-contrast time-gating-free multiplex luminescence imaging[J].Advanced Materials,2020,32(49):2003881.
[39] Pei P,Chen Y,Sun C X,et al.X-ray-activated persistent luminescence nanomaterials for NIR-Ⅱ imaging[J].Nature Nanotechnology,2021,16(9):1011-1018.
[40] Fu L N,Wang J,Chen N,et al.Enhancement of long-lived luminescence in nanophosphors by surface defect passivation[J].Chemical Communications,2020,56(49):6660-6663.
[41] Huang K,Li Z J,Li Y,et al.Three-dimensional colloidal controlled growth of core-shell heterostructured persistent luminescence nanocrystals[J].Nano Letters,2021,21(12):4903-4910.
基金资助
河南省自然科学基金青年项目(232300420382);河南省科技攻关项目(242102231037);河南省郑州轻工业大学博士启动基金(2021BSJJ010)