以生物质碳气凝胶(CA)为阻燃剂基材,使用植酸(PA)对CA进行功能改性,通过优化改性工艺,制备了CA杂化复合碳气凝胶阻燃剂(CA-PA)。通过扫描电子显微镜、热重分析仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对CA-PA复合碳气凝胶阻燃剂的微观形貌、热稳定性、分子结构进行表征,并根据极限氧指数(LOI)和UL-94垂直燃烧测试对阻燃CA-PA/棉织物的性能进行评估。结果表明:最佳改性条件为PA质量浓度64g/L、酸化时间6h、酸化温度40℃,制备的CA-PA阻燃剂具有三维骨架结构,700℃时残炭量达到83.7%,热稳定性明显提升;CA-PA质量分数为20%时,阻燃棉织物的LOI值达到30.8%,UL-94垂直燃烧达到B1等级。
The CA hybrid composite carbon aerogel flame retardant (CA-PA) was prepared by optimizing the modification process using biomass carbon aerogel (CA) as flame retardant substrate and phytic acid (PA) for functional modification of CA.The micro-morphology,thermal stability,and molecular structure of the CA-PA composite carbon aerogel flame retardant were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),thermogravimetric analysis (TGA),and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).The flame retardant performance of the cotton fabric treated with CA-PA was evaluated using the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test and the vertical burning test (UL-94).The results indicated that the optimal modification conditions for CA-PA were a PA concentration of 64g/L,an acidification time of 6 hours,and an acidification temperature of 40℃.Under these conditions,the prepared CA-PA carbon aerogel exhibited a three-dimensional skeleton structure,with a residual carbon of 83.7% at 700℃,showing significantly improved thermal stability.The LOI value of the flame-retardant cotton fabric reached 30.8% when the mass fraction of CA-PA was 20%,and the vertical burning test achieved a B1 grade.
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基金资助
山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2020-052);山西浙大新材料与化工研究院项目(2021SX-TD013);山西省基础研究计划项目(20210302124200,202203021211065,202403021211065);国家自然科学基金(51302183)
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