首先对二维材料的定义和性能进行了概述,并指出了它们具有超薄、高表面积、优异的电子迁移率、可调带隙、高机械强度、良好的热导性能等特点。其次,分析了几种典型的二维材料合成方法,其中机械剥离法虽然可以生产出高质量的材料,但效率较低且难以精确控制;液相剥离法虽然生产效率高,但可能导致材料存在缺陷;而气相生长技术虽然能够制备出均匀性和可控性高的样品,但成本较高。然后,探讨了二维材料在电子器件、光电器件、能源存储与转换、柔性电子和可穿戴设备等领域的应用前景。最后,总结它们在未来技术发展中可能发挥的重要作用和产生的影响。
This article began with an overview of the definition and properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials,highlighting their ultra-thin nature,high surface area,excellent electronic mobility,tunable bandgap,high mechanical strength,and good thermal conductivity.Secondly,it analyzed several typical synthesis methods for 2D materials,among which mechanical exfoliation could produce high-quality materials,but it was inefficient and difficult to be controlled precisely.Liquid-phase exfoliation offered higher production efficiency,but might result in material defects.Vapor-phase growth techniques,while capable of producing samples with high uniformity and controllability,were more costly.Furthermore,it explored the application prospects of 2D materials in fields such as electronic devices,optoelectronic devices,energy storage and conversion,flexible electronics,and wearable devices.Finally,it summarized the significant roles they might play in the development of future technologies and the impact they might bring.
[1] 查向浩,安旭霞,李飞星,等.二维纳米材料的研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2024,52(9):31-35,42.
[2] 孙振宇.超高真空二维异质结的构筑及新型层状半导体的谱学研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学(中国科学院物理研究所),2023.
[3] So S,Lee H J.Unraveling interfacial thermal transport in β-Ga2O3/h-BN van der Waals heterostructures[J].Materials Today Physics,2024,46:101506-101506.
[4] Ponomarenko L,Gorbachev R,Yu G,et al.Cloning of dirac fermions in graphene superlattices[J].Nature,2013,497:594-597.
[5] Liang Xilong,Qin Chengbing,Qiao Zhixing,et al.Optical interference effect in the hybrid quantum dots/two-dimensional materials:photoluminescence enhancement and modulation[J].Optics Express,2022,30(15):26557-26569.
[6] 王昊.基于二维材料的范德瓦尔斯异质结的制备及其电子学特性[D].北京:中国科学院大学(中国科学院物理研究所),2023.
[7] 黄玉昊,张贵涛,王如倩,等.二维双金属铁磁半导体CrMoI6的电子结构与稳定性[J].物理学报,2021,70(20):255-262.
[8] Liu S,Li X,Li Q.Two-dimensional chiral covalent organic frameworks with significant rashba-dresselhaus spin splitting[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters,2024,15(34):8790-8796.
[9] Ovesen M,Olsen T.Orbital magnetization in two-dimensional materials from high-throughput computational screening[J].2D Materials,2024,11(4):045010-045010.
[10] 王源,高亚青,蔡芸丽,等.脉冲激光沉积过程中TiO2等离子体状态诊断及薄膜特性的研究[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2024,60(2):51-57.
[11] 晏超贻.新型二维材料及异质结的可控制备和性能研究[D].成都:电子科技大学,2019.
[12] Wu F,Tian H,Shen Y,et al.Vertical MoS2 transistors with sub-1-nm gate lengths[J].Nature,2022,603:259-264.
[13] 李家意,丁一,张卫,等.基于二维材料及其范德瓦尔斯异质结的光电探测器[J].物理化学学报,2019,35(10):1058-1077.
[14] 潘明奥.二维钙钛矿材料在钙钛矿太阳能电池中的应用进展[J].石油化工,2024,53(3):444-453.
[15] 杨金霖.二维氧化钛纳米片的层间调控及电化学储能研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2019.
[16] 费玲,雷蕾,汪德高.二维MXene材料在新型薄膜太阳能电池技术中的研究进展[J].无机材料学报,2024,39(2):215-224.
[17] 徐若航,崔丹丹,郝维昌.二维半导体光催化材料研究进展[J].自然杂志,2023,45(5):355-362.
[18] Hu J,Dong M.Recent advances in two-dimensional nanomaterials for sustainable wearable electronic devices[J].Journal of Nanobiotechnology,2024,22:63.
[19] 李洋,崔楠,傅年庆,等.柔性透明二维光电器件在智能化信息领域中的应用[J].人工晶体学报,2024,53(7):1087-1105.
[20] 朱成龙,周杨,吴科,等.基于二维材料的气体传感器研究进展[J].传感器与微系统,2023,42(6):8-12,16.
[21] 杨菲,杜春贵,王玉婷,等.二维材料在火灾预警中的应用研究进展[J].现代化工,2024,44(6):49-54.
[22] 张鹏飞,成正东.二维纳米材料在生物医学领域的应用[J].物理,2023,52(12):830-837.
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(12064027和12464010);江西省高层次高技能领军人才培养工程入选项目(2022-63号);九江浔城英才项目(JJXC2023032)
PDF
