碳纤维因其轻质高强等特点,广泛应用于航空航天、轨道交通、兵器装备、船舶工业等领域,近年来,随着双碳观念的深入,以风电叶片、压力容器、光伏系统等为代表的普通工业领域对碳纤维需求开始迅速提升。普通工业领域对碳纤维的需求更大,价格要求也更为敏感,因此开发低成本的碳纤维生产技术变得更为迫切。主要综述了低成本碳纤维新型预氧化/预稳定化生产工艺技术研究成果,梳理了等离子体稳定化、电子束辐照稳定化、紫外线照射辅助稳定等新型预稳定化技术的特点,总结并展望了各工艺技术面临的问题及发展趋势。
Carbon fiber is widely used in fields such as aerospace,rail transit,weapons,and shipbuilding industry due to its lightweight and high strength characteristics.In recent years,with the deepening of the dual-carbon concept,the demand for carbon fiber in general industrial fields such as wind turbine blades,pressure vessels,and photovoltaic systems has rapidly increased.The demand for carbon fiber in the general industrial field is greater,and the price requirements are also more sensitive.Therefore,developing low-cost carbon fiber production technologies has become more urgent.This paper mainly reviewed the research advances in novel pre-oxidation/pre-stabilization production technologies for low-cost carbon fibers,summarized the characteristics of novel stabilization technologies such as plasma stabilization,electron beam irradiation stabilization,and UV irradiation-assisted stabilization,and looked forward to the problems and development trends faced by each process technology.
[1] Rajak D K,Pagar D D,Kumar R,et al.Recent progress of reinforcement materials:a comprehensive overview of composite materials[J].Material Research Technology,2019,8(6):6354-6374.
[2] Zhang Jin,Lin Gang,Vaidya Uday,et al.Past,present and future prospective of global carbon fibre composite[J].Composites Part B,2023,250,110463:1-19.
[3] 杨建校,李轩科,刘金水,等.低成本高性能碳纤维的研究进展[J].高科技纤维与应用,2016,41(6):6-11.
[4] 董瑞豪,曹维宇.碳纤维前驱体的研究进展[J].宇航材料工艺,2022(4):12-20.
[5] Baker D A,Rials T G.Recent advances in low-cost carbon fiber manufacture from lignin[J].Journal of Applied tensile polymer Science,2013,130(2):713-728.
[6] 贺福.碳纤维及其石墨纤维[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010,208-251.
[7] 张乃武,王培华.PAN共聚纤维预氧化反应动力学的研究[J].青岛化工学院学报,1991,12(2):21-25.
[8] 王平华,刘杰,岳中仁,等.PAN纤维连续预氧化过程的研究-纤维的物化行为[J].碳素,1991(3):15-19.
[9] Houtz R C.Orlon acrylic fiber:chemistry and properties[J].Textile Research Journal,1950,20:786-801.
[10] Gradssie N,Mcneilli C.Coloration in acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile polymers[J].Journal of Polymer Science,1958,31:205-206.
[11] Schurz J.Discoloration effects in acrylonitrile polymers[J].Journal of Polymer Science,1957,20:686-601.
[12] Conley R T,Bieron J F.Examination of oxidative degradation of polyacrylonitrile using infrared spectroscopy[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1963,5:1757-1773.
[13] Berlin A A,Dubinskaya A M,Moshkovskii S Y.Heat treatment of polyacrylonitrile in solution in dimethylformamide[J].Polymer Science,1964,6(11):2145-2151.
[14] Jr L H P,Brandrup J.A chemical means of distinguishing between conjugated,and conjugated,bonds[J].Die Makromolekulare Chemie,2003,98(1):189-203.
[15] Grassie N,McGuchan R.Pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile and related polymers—Ⅵ:acrylonitrile copolymers containing carboxylic acid and amide structures[J].European Polymer Journal,1972,8(2):257-269.
[16] Morita K,Murata Y,Ishitani A,et al.Characterization of commercially available PAN-based carbon fibers[J].Pure and Applied Chemistry,1986,58(3):455-468.
[17] Paulauskas F L,Yarborough K D,Meek T T.Carbon fiber manufacturing via plasma technology:US6372192B1[P].2002.
[18] Lee S W,Lee H Y,Jang S Y,et al.Tensile properties and morphology of carbon fibers stabilized by plasma treatment[J].Carbon Letters,2011,12(1):16-20.
[19] Lee S W,Lee H Y,Jang S Y,et al.Efficient preparation of carbon fibers using plasma assisted stabilization[J].Carbon,2013,55:361-371.
[20] Kim S Y,Lee S,Park S,et al.Continuous and rapid stabilization of polyacrylonitrile fiber bundles assisted by atmospheric pressure plasma for fabricating large-tow carbon fibers[J].Carbon,2015,94:412-416.
[21] 罗益锋,罗晰旻.低成本聚丙烯腈基碳纤维的创新发展[J].新材料产业,2017(8):33-37.
[22] Dietrich J,Hirt P,Herlinger H.Electron-beam-induced cyclisation to obtain C-fibre precursors from polyacrylonitrile homopolymers[J].European Polymer,1996,32:617-623.
[23] Yoo S H,Park S,Park Y,et al.Facile method to fabricate carbon fibers from textile-grade polyacrylonitrile fibers based on electron-beam irradiation and its effect on the subsequent thermal stabilization process[J].Carbon,2017,118:106-113.
[24] Decker C.UV-radiation curing chemistry[J].Pigment Resin Technology,2001,30:278-286.
[25] Jellinek H G,Schlueter W A.Photodegradation of polyacrylonitrile in solution[J].Apply Polymer Science,1960,3(8):206-212.
[26] Jellinek H G,Bastien I J.Photolysis of polyacrylonitrile[J].Canadian Journal of Chemistry,1961,39(10):2056-2068.
[27] Paiva M C,Kotasthane P,Edie D D,et al.UV stabilization route for melt-processible PAN-based carbon fibers[J].Carbon,2003,41:1399-1409.
[28] Morales M S,Ogale A A.Carbon fibers derived from UV-assisted stabilization of wet-spun polyacrylonitrile fibers[M].Apply Polymer Science,2014,131,DOI:10.1002/APP.40623.
PDF
