In this paper,we summarized recent research progress in two main areas:the influencing factors of phase transformation of ε-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexazaisowoodane (ε-CL-20) in practical applications,and the effects of different polymer coatings on the crystal form stability of ε-CL-20.According to the polymorph conversion parameters,the effects of different types of polymer coatings on the stability of ε-CL-20 polymorph were discussed,and polymer coatings were mainly divided into three categories:crystal transformation-promoting system,intermediate system and crystal transformation-inhibiting system.For the crystal transformation-promoting system,such additives partially dissolved ε-CL-20,the phase transformation process changed from solid-solid phase to solid-liquid-solid phase transition,and the activation energy of ε-CL-20 was reduced during the phase transformation process,thus promoting the phase transformation of explosives.For the crystal transformation-inhibiting system,the phase transformation temperature of the mixed system increased,thereby suppressing the phase transformation of explosives.The research direction of the coating technology for controlling crystal forms was proposed.
[1] Zhang L,Zhao Y H,Jiang S L,et al.Theoretical study on thermodynamic stability and detonation performance of CL-20 and its cocrystal[J].Hanneng Cailiao/Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2018,26(6):464-470.
[2] Chosh M,Venkatesan V,Sikder N,et al.Quantitative analysis of α-CL-20 pol-ymorphic impurity in ε-CL-20 using dispersive raman spectroscopy[J].Central European Journal of Energetic Materials,2013,10(3):419-438.
[3] Liang W H,Wang J N,Liu H N,et al.Thermally induced polymorphic transformation of Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20)[J].Powder Technology,2022,395(12):732-742.
[4] Tong Y,Wang Z Z,Yang E T,et al.Insights into cocrystal polymorphic transformation mechanism of ethenzamide-saccharin:a combined experimental and simulative study[J].A Combined Experimental and Simulative Study,2016,16(9):5118-5126.
[5] Foltz M F,Coon C L,Garcia F,et al.The thermal stability of the polymorphs of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane.Part Ⅰ[J].Propellants Explosives Pyrotechnics,1994,19(1):19-25.
[6] Foltz M F,Coon C L,Garcia F,et al.The thermal stability of the polymorphs of Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane.Part Ⅱ[J].Propellants Explos Pyrotech,1994,19(3):133-144.
[7] Nair U R,Sivabalan R,Gore G M,et al.Hexanitrohexa-azaisowurtzitane (CL-20) and CL-20-based formulations (review)[J].Combustion,Explosion and Shock Waves,2005,41(2):121-132.
[8] Xing J T,Wang W L,Xu W,et al.Preparation and characteri-zation of spherical submicron CL-20 by siphon spray refinement[J].Journal of Nanomaterials Articles,2020,24(3):1-9.
[9] Zharkov M N,Kuchurov I V,Zlotin S G,et al.Micronization of CL-20 using supercritical and liquefied gases[J].CrystEngComm,2020,22(44):7549-7555.
[10] Bao L X,Lv P H,Fei T,et al.Crystal structure and explosi-ve performance of a new CL-20/benzaldehyde cocrystal[J]Journal of Molecular Structure,2020,42(15):128-167.
[11] Hu Y B,Yuan S,Li X J,et al.Preparation and characterization of nano-CL-20/TNT cocrystal explosives by mechanical ball-milling method[J].ACS Omega,2020,15(5):17761-17766.
[12] Chen C,Li H,Yi J,et al.Two novel heterobimetallic metal-organic frameworks for the enhanced catalytic thermolysis and laser ignition of CL-20[J].Materials Today Chemistry,2022,23(2):56-76.
[13] Wang Q Y,Han J M,Zhang Y,et al.Fabrication of copper azide film through metal-organic framework for micro-initiator applications[J].ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,2019,11(2):80811-8088.
[14] Li Y,Cao J Y,Zhan L W,et al.Fabricate hexanitrohexaazaisopentane@tannic acid core-shell energetic composites with reduced sensitivity and enhanced thermal stability[J].Materials Letters,2023,336(24):133822-133897.
[15] Song Y L,Huang Q,Zhang J H,et al.Interactionenhanced coating of energetic material:a generally applicable method for the desensitization[J].Propellants,Explosives,Pyrotechnics,2022,47(9):432-446.
[16] Wang W,Shi L P,Wu C C,et al.Study on ε-CL-20 coated with a wax/F2311 double-layer composite structure[J].Coatings,2022,12(4):464-492.
[17] Zhang P,Xu J J,Guo X Y,et al.Effect of addictives on polymorphic transition of epsilon-CL-20 in castable systems[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,2014,117(2):10011-1008.
[18] Vrcelj R M,Gallagher H G,Sherwood J N.Polymorphism in 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene crystallized from solution[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2001,123(10):2291-2295.
[19] Sikder A K,Sikder N.A review of advanced high performance,insensitive and thermally stable energetic materials emerging for military and space applications[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2004,112(1-2):1-15.
[20] Zhang C,Li J,Luo Y J,et al.Preparation and property studies of carbon nanotubes covalent modified BAMO-AMMO energetic binders[J].Journal of Energetic Materials,2015,33(4):305-314.
[21] Bhowmik D,Sadavarte V S,Pande S M,et al.An energetic binder for the formulation of advanced solid rocket propellants[J].Central European Journal of Energetic Materials,2015,12(1):145-158.
[22] Azoug A,Constantinescu A,Neviere R,et al.Microstructure and deformation mechanisms of a solid propellant using 1HNMR spectroscopy[J].Fuel,2015,148(15):39-47.
[23] Wang J Y,Gao K,Xu W Z,et al.Effect of calcium stearate on the characteristics of CL-20/estane composite particles[J].Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants,2015,38(4):22-26.
[24] 高杰,王浩,金大勇,等.ε-CL-20在熔铸载体炸药中的晶型稳定性实验研究[J].火工品,2022(5):56-59.
[25] Thiboutot S,Brousseau P,Berger B,et al.Potential use of CL-20 in TNT/ETPE-based melt cast formulation[J].Propellants,Explosives,Pyrotechnics,2008,33(2):103-108.
[26] Guo C,Wang D,Gao B,et al.Solid1-solid phase transition study of ε-CL-20/binder composites[J].RSC Advances,2016,6(2):859-865.
[27] 徐金江,蒲柳,刘渝,等.HTPB基粘结体系中ε-CL-20的晶型转变规律[J].含能材料,2015,23(2):113-119.
[28] Wang Y,Wen J,Yang J,et al.Investigations on the thermal response of a solid rocket motor with complex charge structure using CL-20/GAP propellant[J].Case Studies in Thermal Engineering,2022,37(4):102257-102310.
[29] 郑伟,武宗凯,陈智群,等.双基推进剂组分和螺压工艺参数对CL-20晶型的影响研究[J].火工品,2022,12(4):55-59.
[30] Zhang P,Guo X Y,Zhang J Y,et al.Application of liquid paraffin in castable CL-20-based PBX[J].Journal of Energetic Materials,2014,32(4):278-292.
[31] Guo X Y,Zhang P,Xu J J,et al.Research on the mechanism and kinetics of polymorphic transitions of ε CL-20 in composite systems[J].Central European Journal of Energetic Materials,2015,12(4):689-702.
[32] Zhang J,Guo X,Jiao Q,et al.Effects of desensitizers on phase transitions,thermal behavior,and sensitivity of ε-CL-20[J].Journal of Energetic Materials,2018,36(1):111-120.
[33] Wu C,Nie J,Li S,et al.Interface interactions of epsilon-CL-20 and polymers:from simulation to experiment[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2023,617(35):127287-127314.
[34] Yang Z,Ding L,Wu P,et al.Fabrication of RDX,HMX and CL-20 based microcapsules via in situ polymerization of melamine form aldehyde resins with reduced sensitivity[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2015,268(42):60-66.
[35] Song X,Huang Q,Jin B,et al.Fabrication and characterization of CL-20/PEI/GO composites with enhanced thermal stability and desensitization via electrostatic self-assembly[J].Applied Surface Science,2021,558:149933.
[36] Yang Z,Ding L,Wu P,et al.Fabrication of RDX,HMX and CL-20 based microcapsules via in situ polymerization of melamine1-formaldehyde resins with reduced sensitivity[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2015,268(17):60-66.
[37] Zhu Q,Xiao C,Li S,et al.Bioinspired fabrication of insensitive HMX particles with polydopamine coating[J].Propellants,Explosives,Pyrotechnics,2016,41(6):1092-1097.
[38] He G,Yang Z,Pan L,et al.Bioinspired interfacial reinforcement of polymer-based energetic composites with a high loading of solid explosive crystals[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2017,5(26):13499-13510.
[39] Gong F,Zhang J,Ding L,et al.Mussel-inspired coating of energetic crystals:A compact core1-shell structure with highly enhanced thermal stability[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2017,309(12):140-150.
[40] Lin C,Gong F,Yang Z,et al.Bio-inspired fabrication of core@shell structured TATB/polydopamine microparticles via in situ polymerization with tunable mechanical properties[J].Polymer Testing,2018,68(21):126-134.
[41] Zhang H,Jiao Q,Zhao W,et al.Enhanced crystal stabilities of ε-CL-20 via core-shell structured energetic composites[J].Applied Sciences,2020,10(8):2663-2678.
[42] Xu W,Li Y,Yan T,et al.Reduced sensitivity and enhanced thermal stability of ultrafine-CL-20/PDA/Estane5703 composites with double coating structure[J].Journal of Energetic Materials,2024,42(2):331-347.
[43] Lv J,Wu Q,Zhou Z,et al.Bionic functional layer strategy to construct synergistic effect-based high-safety CL-20@PDA@GO core-shell-shell structural composites[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2022,924(45):166494-166519.
[44] 文艺蒙,茆俊卿,马宋雨辰,等.CL-20@PCHA复合粒子的制备及性能[J].含能材料,2022,5(1):1-10.
[45] Bao P,Ning J,Chen Y,et al.Micromodulation of dual-shell CL-20/desensitizer interface based on in-situ assembly of tea polyphenols[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2024,685(23):133230-133340.
基金资助
国家自然科学基金资助(2207051528)
PDF
