为了获得应用于超级电容器的电极材料,分别以1,6-己二胺(HMDA)、4,4′-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)和对苯二胺(PDA)为二胺单体,均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)为二酐单体,通过溶剂热的方法合成三种不同分子构型的聚酰亚胺(HMDA-PMDA、ODA-PMDA、PDA-PMDA),经高温退火处理得到聚酰亚胺(PI)基碳微球材料。结果表明,ODA-PMDA型PI碳微球作为电极材料时,在较大的比表面积(752.3m2/g),微介孔共存的孔道结构,以及丰富的N、O杂原子(N含量5.7%,O含量11.6%)掺杂多重协同作用下,表现出优异的电化学性能。在电流密度为0.5A/g时,实现了277.4F/g的高比电容,并在大电流密度下具有高倍率性能。即使在10000次充放电循环后,仍能保持其初始容量的98.7%,具有卓越的循环寿命。因此,ODA-PMDA型PI基电极材料展示了在超级电容器中广泛应用的巨大潜力。
To obtain electrode materials for supercapacitors,three types of polyimides (HMDA-PMDA,ODA-PMDA,and PDA-PMDA) with different molecular configurations were synthesized through a solvothermal method using 1,6-hexamethylenediamine (HMDA),4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA) and p-phenylenediamine (PDA) as diamine monomers,and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) as the dianhydride monomer.The polyimide-based carbon microsphere materials were then obtained by high-temperature annealing.The results indicated that the ODA-PMDA type polyimide carbon microspheres,when used as electrode materials,exhibited excellent electrochemical performance,attributed to the synergistic effects of their large specific surface area (752.3m2/g),the coexistence of micropores and mesoporous structures,and the abundant doping of nitrogen (N content 5.7%) and oxygen (O content 11.6%) heteroatoms.A high specific capacitance of 277.4F/g was achieved at a current density of 0.5A/g,and it exhibited excellent rate performance at high current densities.Even after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles,it retained 98.7% of its initial capacity,providing exceptional cycle life.Therefore,the ODA-PMDA type polyimide-based electrode material demonstrates significant potential for extensive applications in supercapacitors.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(22035007)
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