隔膜作为锂离子电池的重要组成部分,其厚度、孔隙率、孔径、机械强度和热稳定性等物理性能都会直接影响电池的充放电性能和安全性。同时,隔膜的物理性能参数很大程度上取决于隔膜的制备工艺。可见,隔膜材料的制备工艺是隔膜材料研发的关键。目前,由常规干法或湿法制备工艺获得的聚烯烃类隔膜材料以其优异的性能被广泛应用于锂离子电池。随着锂离子电池技术的不断发展,对隔膜材料的要求也不断提高。常规的干法或湿法制备工艺已不能满足高性能隔膜材料的要求,因此,一些新型的隔膜制备工艺相继推出。在分析锂离子电池隔膜材料物理性能表征的基础上,对锂离子电池隔膜材料的制备工艺进行综述,并展望了未来锂离子电池隔膜制备工艺的发展方向。
As an important part of lithium-ion batteries,the separator's physical properties,such as thickness,porosity,pore size,mechanical strength and thermal stability,directly affect the charge-discharge performance and safety of the lithium-ion batteries.At the same time,the physical property parameters of the separator largely depend on the preparation process of the separator.It can be seen that the preparation process of separator materials is the key to the research and development of separator materials.At present,polyolefin separator materials obtained by conventional dry or wet preparation process are widely used in lithium-ion batteries for their excellent properties.With the continuous development of lithium-ion battery technology,the requirements for separator materials are also increasing.The conventional dry or wet preparation process can not meet the requirements of high performance separator materials,and some new separator preparation processes have been developed.Based on the analysis of the physical property characterization of lithium-ion battery separator materials,the preparation processes of lithium-ion battery separator materials were reviewed,and the development directions of the preparation processes of lithium-ion battery separators in the future were prospected.
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基金资助
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2023YFHH0059,2020GG0166)
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