目前,锂离子电池在智能手机、新能源动力汽车及新型储能领域均有重要应用。锂离子电池关键材料的失效问题及其带来的安全隐患日益突出,成为制约其进一步大规模应用的核心问题之一,因此设计开发高安全性电池器件至关重要。深入理解锂离子电池内部关键材料性能及安全失效机理,有助于避免高温、过充等电池滥用引起的热失控安全问题。综述了近年来锂离子电池关键材料如正极、负极、隔膜、电解液的失效机理及其驱动下的安全隐患,提出了相应的解决方案,并展望了锂离子电池关键材料未来的发展趋势。
Lithium-ion batteries have become indispensable in various applications,including phones,power vehicles,and advanced energy storage systems.However,the failure of key battery materials and their potential safety hazards have become increasingly prominent,resulting in one of the core issues restricting their further large-scale application.Therefore,it is crucial to design and develop high safety battery devices.The deep understanding of the performance and safety failure mechanism of key battery materials can fundamentally avoid the safety problems of thermal runaway caused by overheating or overcharging abuse.This work provided a detailed review of the failure mechanisms of key battery materials in recent years,including anode,cathode,separator,electrolyte and their driven potential safety hazards,and it also proposed corresponding solutions and discussed the future development trends for these key materials.
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