通过表面构筑特殊结构,是改善碳材料电磁阻抗匹配从而获得具有“薄、宽、轻、强”电磁波吸收特性材料的主要手段之一。采用原位热解聚合氨硼烷(AB)以及高温烧结的方法制备了树枝状轻质碳纳米管@氮化硼(CNT@BNNOs)复合材料,通过X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱仪、网络矢量分析仪对材料的结构、形貌、元素组成及电磁参数进行了表征和测试。结果表明:在保留碳纳米管(CNT)轻质、高稳定性物理特性的情况下,氮化硼(BNNOs)的引入改善了CNT的团聚现象并产生了大量的异质界面和缺陷,极大地优化了材料的阻抗匹配,从而提高了材料的微波吸收特性;在14.4GHz下CNT@BNNOs-2最小反射损耗值达到了-36dB,涂层厚度为2mm时有效吸收带宽达到了5.04GHz(微波有效吸收频段为11.92～16.96GHz);涂层厚度为5.8mm时,CNT@BNNOs-4的有效吸收带宽达到了5.68GHz(微波有效吸收频段为3.6～7.28GHz和16～18GHz)。
Constructing a special structure on the surface is one of the main methods to improve electromagnetic impedance matching of carbon materials and thus to achieve materials with “thin,wide,light,and strong” electromagnetic absorption characteristics.The lightweight dendritic carbon nanotubes@boron nitride (CNT@BNNOs) composites were prepared by in-situ pyrolytic polymerization of ammonia borane (AB) and high-temperature sintering.The structure,morphology,elemental composition and electromagnetic parameters of the materials were characterized and tested by X-ray diffractometer,field emission scanning electron microscope,X-ray photoelectron spectrometer and network vector analyzer.The results showed that the introduction of boron nitride (BNNOs) improved the agglomeration phenomenon of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and generated a large number of heterogeneous interfaces and defects,which greatly optimized the impedance matching of the material and thus enhanced the microwave absorption characteristics of the material,while retaining the physical properties of CNT such as lightweight and highly stability.CNT@BNNOs-2 achieved a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -36dB at 14.4GHz,and the effective absorptionbandwidth (EAB) reached 5.04GHz (microwave effective absorption band of 11.92～16.96GHz) at a coating thickness of 2mm.CNT@BNNOs-4 achieved an EAB of 5.68GHz (microwave effective absorption band of 3.6～7.28GHz and 16～18GHz) at a coating thickness of 5.8mm.
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基金资助
山西省基础研究项目(202103021224071)
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