玻璃窗是建筑围护结构中的热桥,将传统的玻璃与相变材料相结合形成新型的相变玻璃窗,可增强玻璃窗的隔热和调温性能,降低夏季室内制冷负荷,实现建筑节能。根据夏热冬冷地区室内热舒适条件,确定适用于该地区玻璃窗的相变材料的相变温度范围为30～39℃,并采用熔融共混法制备了质量比为76∶24,结晶温度为37.1℃的脂肪酸-石蜡(LA-PS)低共熔复合相变材料。通过傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)对该二元低共熔混合物的化学结构进行分析,发现LA和PS是通过物理作用相结合的,无新物质产生;热重实验的结果表明,该LA-PS二元共晶相变材料的初始分解温度为165.31℃,在自然环境下,不会产生热分解现象;并通过500次加速冷热循环实验,证实该LA-PS二元复合相变材料具有良好的热循环稳定性。此外,由差示扫描仪(DSC)测试结果发现该相变材料的相变温度为37.25℃,相变潜热为181.16J/g,这一结果与步冷实验所得结晶温度相吻合,进一步证实该复合相变材料在制备新型的节能玻璃窗领域具有发展潜力。
Glass windows are thermal bridge in building envelopes.Traditional glass materials and phase change materials are combined to form a new type of phase change glass windows,which can enhance the thermal insulation and temperature regulation performance of glass windows,reduce indoor cooling load in summer and achieve building energy efficiency.Based on the indoor thermal comfort temperature in hot summer and cold winter regions,the range of phase transition temperature of PCM suitable for the windows in the regions was determined to be 30～39℃.Then the LA-PS binary eutectic PCMs with a phase change temperature of 37.1℃ and a mass ratio of 76∶24 were prepared by melt blending method.The chemical structure of the binary low-eutectic composite was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis.It was found that LA and PS were combined by physical interaction without the formation of new substances.The results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that the initial decomposition temperature of the LA-PS binary eutectic PCM was 165.31℃,which did not produce thermal decomposition under natural temperature conditions.500 times of accelerated melting freezing cycling tests showed that the LA-PS composite phase change material had good thermal cycling stability.In addition,the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis indicated that the phase temperature of the PCM was 37.25℃ and the latent heat was 181.16J/g,which was consistent with the eutectic temperature obtained by the step cooling curve and further confirmed that the PCM composite had development potential in the field of preparation new energy-saving glass windows.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(51966004);江西省自然科学基金项目(20212BAB204029);江西理工大学清江青年优秀人才项目(JXUSTQJYX2017003)
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