近年来,金属导电聚合物肖特基纳米发电机在学术界引起广泛关注。该发电机可以收集环境中的机械能,并将其转换成电子设备可以利用的直流电。然而,这种基于导电聚合物的纳米发电机产生的电流和电压较低,这限制了其在实际中的应用。可以通过对导电聚合物进行掺杂改性,提升材料性能,提高以此为基底的纳米发电机的输出性能。阐述了不同掺杂方法对导电聚合物影响的理论基础,以及这些改进对纳米发电机直流电输出性能具体的提升效果。最后,总结了导电聚合物基直流纳米发电机目前的发展趋势和面临的挑战。
In recent years,metal-conductive polymer-based Schottky nanogenerators have attracted widespread attention in the academic community.These generators can collect mechanical energy from the environment and convert it into direct current (DC) usable by electronic devices.However,the low current and voltage output of these conductive polymer-based nanogenerators limit their practical applications.The performance of these materials and the output performance of the nanogenerators built on them can be enhanced by doping the conductive polymers.The article described the theoretical basis for the effects of various doping methods on conductive polymers,as well as the specific improvements effects of these improvements on the DC output performance of the nanogenerators.Finally,the paper summarized the current development trends and challenges faced by oconductive polymer-based DC nanogenerators.
[1] Kim W G,Kim D W,Tcho I W,et al.Triboelectric nanogenerator:structure,mechanism,and applications[J].ACS Nano,2021,15(1):258-287.
[2] Li Q,Liu W,Yang H,et al.Ultra-stability high-voltage triboelectric nanogenerator designed by ternary dielectric triboelectrification with partial soft-contact and non-contact mode[J].Nano Energy,2021,90:106585.
[3] Toroń B,Mistewicz K,Jesionek M,et al.A new hybrid piezo/triboelectric SbSeI nanogenerator[J].Energy,2022,238:122048.
[4] Meer S,Kausar A,Iqbal T.Trends in conducting polymer and hybrids of conducting polymer/carbon nanotube:a review[J].Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering,2016,55(13):1416-1440.
[5] Hao L,Yu D.Progress of conductive polypyrrole nanocomposites[J].Synthetic Metals,2022,290:117138.
[6] Shao H,Fang J,Wang H,et al.Direct current energy generators from a conducting polymer-inorganic oxide junction[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2017,5(18):8267-8273.
[7] Shao H,Fang J,Wang H,et al.Polymer-metal schottky contact with direct-current outputs[J].Advanced Materials,2016,28(7):1461-1466.
[8] Meng J,Guo Z H,Pan C,et al.Flexible textile direct-current generator based on the tribovoltaic effect at dynamic metal-semiconducting polymer interfaces[J].ACS Energy Letters,2021,6(7):2442-2450.
[9] Shao H,Fang J,Wang H,et al.Schottky direct-current energy harvesters with large current output density[J].Nano Energy,2019,62:171-180.
[10] Ding X,Shao H,Wang H,et al.Schottky DC generators with considerable enhanced power output and energy conversion efficiency based on polypyrrole-TiO2 nanocomposite[J].Nano Energy,2021,89:106367.
[11] Ding X,Shao H,Wang H,et al.Schottky DC generators from polypyrrole nanocomposites of N-type semiconductor metal oxides and the multiple device connection effect[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2023,11(2):953-964.
[12] Zhang W,You L,Meng X,et al.Recent advances on conducting polymers based nanogenerators for energy harvesting[J].Micromachines,2021,12(11):1308.
[13] Shao H,Fang J,Wang H,et al.Doping effect on conducting polymer-metal schottky DC generators[J].Advanced Electronic Materials,2019,5(2):1800675.
[14] Ding X,Shao H,Wang H,et al.Effect of water and DMSO on mechanoelectrical conversion of Schottky DC generators[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2022,10(24):13055-13065.
[15] Buzea C,Pacheco I I,Robbie K.Nanomaterials and nanoparticles:sources and toxicity[J].Biointerphases,2007,2(4):MR17-MR71.
[16] Chu H,Fu C,Xu J,et al.Carbon-doped inorganic nanoassemblies as fillers to tailor the dielectric and energy storage properties in polymer-based nanocomposites[J].Materials & Design,2020,188:108486.
[17] Lv S,Zhang X,Huang T,et al.Trap distribution and conductivity synergic optimization of high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators for self-powered devices[J].ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,2021,13(2):2566-2575.
[18] Tan H,Xu X.Conductive properties and mechanism of various polymers doped with carbon nanotube/polyaniline hybrid nanoparticles[J].Composites Science and Technology,2016,128:155-160.
[19] Tan H,Xu X.Conductive properties and mechanisms of different polymers doped by carbon nanotube/polypyrrole 1D hybrid nanotubes[J].RSC Advances,2015,5(75):61383-61389.
[20] Zhao T,Hu Y,Zhuang W,et al.A fiber fluidic nanogenerator made from aligned carbon nanotubes composited with transition metal oxide[J].ACS Materials Letters,2021,3(10):1448-1452.
[21] Badatya S,Kumar A,Srivastava A K,et al.Flexible interconnected Cu-Ni nanoalloys decorated carbon nanotube-poly(vinylidene fluoride) piezoelectric nanogenerator[J].Advanced Materials Technologies,2022,7(7):2101281.
[22] Wu Q,Xu Y,Yao Z,et al.Supercapacitors based on flexible graphene/polyaniline nanofiber composite films[J].ACS Nano,2010,4(4):1963-1970.
[23] Dhakal D R,Lamichhane P,Mishra K,et al.Influence of graphene reinforcement in conductive polymer:synthesis and characterization[J].Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2019,30(9):2172-2182.
[24] Hatta F F,Mohammad Haniff M A S,Mohamed M A.A review on applications of graphene in triboelectric nanogenerators[J].International Journal of Energy Research,2022,46(2):544-576.
[25] Qian Y,Sohn M,He W,et al.A high-output flexible triboelectric nanogenerator based on polydimethylsiloxane/three-dimensional bilayer graphene/carbon cloth composites[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2020,8(33):17150-17155.
[26] Sharma B,Shekhar S,Malik P,et al.Study of mechanism involved in synthesis of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide from graphene nanoplatelets[J].Materials Research Express,2018,5(6):65012.
[27] Ahmad R S,Haleem A,Haider Z,et al.Realizing the capability of negatively charged graphene oxide in the presence of conducting polyaniline for performance enhancement of tribopositive material of triboelectric nanogenerator[J].Advanced Electronic Materials,2020,6(5):2000034.
[28] Das P,Pal B,Datta J,et al.Improved charge transport properties of graphene incorporated tin oxide based Schottky diode over pure one[J].Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids,2021,148:109706.
[29] Sun Y,Zheng Y,Wang R,et al.Direct-current piezoelectric nanogenerator based on two-layer zinc oxide nanorod arrays with equal c-axis orientation for energy harvesting[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2021,426:131262.
[30] Singh N S,Kumar L,Kumar A,et al.Fabrication of zinc oxide/polyaniline (ZnO/PANI) heterojunction and its characterisation at room temperature[J].Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing,2017,60:29-33.
[31] Sun Y,Liu Y,Zheng Y,et al.Enhanced energy harvesting ability of ZnO/PAN hybrid piezoelectric nanogenerators[J].ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,2020,12(49):54936-54945.
[32] Ansari S P,Mohammad F.Conducting nanocomposites of polyaniline/nylon 6,6/zinc oxide nanoparticles:preparation,characterization and electrical conductivity studies[J].Iranian Polymer Journal,2016,25(4):363-371.
[33] Seki Y.Conductive cotton fabrics coated with myristic acid/zinc oxide nanoparticles[J].Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering,2018,57(8):766-774.
[34] Upadhyaya M,Ahmed N,Deka R,et al.Studies on Cu2+ ion doped polyaniline[J].Iranian Polymer Journal,2012,21(9):601-607.
[35] Chen Y,Zhang Q,Jing X,et al.Synthesis of Cu-doped polyaniline nanocomposites (nano Cu@PANI) via the H2O2-promoted oxidative polymerization of aniline with copper salt[J].Materials Letters,2019,242:170-173.
[36] Lee H,Liu Y.Catalytic electroxidation pathway for the polymerization of polypyrrole in the presence of ultrafine silver nanoparticles[J].Polymer,2005,46(24):10727-10732.
[37] Zhang X,Lin Z,Chen B,et al.Solid-state flexible polyaniline/silver cellulose nanofibrils aerogel supercapacitors[J].Journal of Power Sources,2014,246:283-289.
[38] Alqudami A,Annapoorni S,Sen P,et al.The incorporation of silver nanoparticles into polypyrrole:conductivity changes[J].Synthetic Metals,2007,157(1):53-59.
[39] Dhibar S,Bhattacharya P,Hatui G,et al.Transition metal doped poly(aniline-co-pyrrole)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite for high performance supercapacitor electrode materials[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,625:64-75.
[40] Patole A,Lubineau G.Carbon nanotubes with silver nanoparticle decoration and conductive polymer coating for improving the electrical conductivity of polycarbonate composites[J].Carbon,2015,81:720-730.
[41] Jin C,Hao N,Xu Z,et al.Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators using metal-doped ZnO-PVDF films[J].Sensors and Actuators A:Physical,2020,305:111912.
[42] He Y,Wang H,Sha Z,et al.Enhancing output performance of PVDF-HFP fiber-based nanogenerator by hybridizing silver nanowires and perovskite oxide nanocrystals[J].Nano Energy,2022,98:107343.
[43] Anlin L K,Vijoy K V,Pradeesh K,et al.Effects of metal nanoparticles on the performance of PDMS based triboelectric nanogenerators[J].Physica B:Condensed Matter,2022,639:413952.
[44] Wang F,Sun H,Guo H,et al.High performance piezoelectric nanogenerator with silver nanowires embedded in polymer matrix for mechanical energy harvesting[J].Ceramics International,2021,47(24):35096-35104.
[45] Kulkarni M V,Viswanath A K,Marimuthu R,et al.Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline doped with organic acids[J].Journal of Polymer Science Part A:Polymer Chemistry,2004,42(8):2043-2049.
基金资助
天津市自然科学基金重点项目(20JCZDJC00350)
PDF
