高吸水树脂是一种良好的吸水保水材料。工业固体废弃物粉煤灰(FA)通过碱改性后与丙烯酸(AA)作为主要原料,并以过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为单体,采用水溶液聚合法制备了性能优异的改性FA基高吸水树脂,聚合过程中不通氮气。探讨了反应温度、AA与AMPS的质量比、AA的中和度、MBA的用量、APS的用量、改性FA的添加量对树脂吸水性能的影响,并采用吸水倍率测试、扫描电镜等研究了FA的改性条件和吸水树脂的性质。结果表明,FA改性的最优方法为 NH3·H2O∶KOH∶CaO∶FA=2∶1∶1∶3加水混合反应。添加最优改性FA的吸水树脂的制备条件为:合成温度40℃,AA与AMPS质量比为2.12∶4,APS、MBA和改性FA用量分别为单体AA质量的2.45%、3.1%和7%。制备的添加最优改性FA的吸水树脂吸水倍率最大为502g/g,吸盐水倍率为58g/g。
Superabsorbent resin is an excellent material for water absorption and retention.Industrial solid waste fly ash (FA) was firstly modified by alkali and then combined with acrylic acid (AA) as the main raw materials,and ammonium persulfate (APS) as the initiator,N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as the crosslinking agent,2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) as the monomer to prepare a modified FA-based superabsorbent resin with excellent properties by aqueous solution polymerization without nitrogen.The effects of reaction temperature,mass ratio of AA and AMPS,neutralization degree of AA,amount of MBA,amount of APS and amount of modified FA on the water absorption of the resin were discussed.The modified conditions of FA and properties of water-absorbing resin were studied by water absorption ratio test and scanning electron microscope.The results showed that the optimum method of FA modification was NH3·H2O∶KOH∶CaO∶FA=2∶1∶1∶3 mixed reaction with water.The optimal preparation conditions of the superabsorbent resin with modified FA ash were as follows:synthesis temperature of 40℃,the mass ratio of AA to AMPS of 2.12∶4,the amount of APS,MBA and modified FA added at 2.45%,3.1% and 7% of the mass of monomer AA,respectively.The maximum water absorption rate of the prepared resin with optimal modified FA was 502g/g,and the salt water absorption rate was 58g/g.
[1] Mignon A,De Belie N,Dubruel P,et al.Superabsorbent polymers:a review on the characteristics and applications of synthetic,polysaccharide-based,semi-synthetic and ‘smart’ derivatives[J].European Polymer Journal,2019,117:165-178.
[2] Shipraagnihotri,Singhal R.Effect of sodium humate on the swelling characteristics and agricultural application of superabsorbent hydrogels of poly (acrylic acid/sodium alginate/sodium humate)[J].Journal of Polymer Materials,2017,34(4):663-680.
[3] 张学文,白波,何云华,等.SBP/P(AA-co-AM)复合高吸水树脂的溶胀及尿素缓释性能研究[J].材料导报,2016,30(10):61-66.
[4] Zafar S,Hanif M,Azeem M,et al.Role of crosslinkers for synthesizing biocompatible,biodegradable and mechanically strong hydrogels with desired release profile[J].Polymer Bulletin,2021,79(11):9199-9219.
[5] Bashir S,Hina M,Iqbal J,et al.Fundamental concepts of hydrogels:synthesis,properties,and their applications[J].Polymers,2020,12(11):2702.
[6] Batista R A,Espitia P J P,Vwrgne D M C,et al.Development and evaluation of superabsorbent hydrogels based on natural polymers[J].Polymers,2020,12(10):2173.
[7] 李东芳,李璇,张燕青.聚丙烯酸钠高吸水树脂的新工艺合成研究[J].山西大学学报:自然科学版,2014,37(3):398-402.
[8] 郑优萍,郁丽萍,雷雨坤,等.功能型复合高吸水树脂的制备及其性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2019,47(9):232-236.
[9] Olad A,Zebhi H,Salari D,et al.Synthesis,characterization,and swelling kinetic study of porous superabsorbent hydrogel nanocomposite based on sulfonated carboxymethylcellulose and silica nanoparticles[J].Journal of Porous Materials,2018,25(5):1325-1335.
[10] Czarnecka E,Nowaczyk J.Semi-natural superabsorbents based on starch-g-poly (acrylic acid):modification,synthesis and application[J].Polymers,2020,12(8):1794.
[11] 刘书林,康海,赵坤,等.羧甲基纤维素钠接枝聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺高吸水树脂的合成[J].西安航空学院学报,2015,33(3):46-49,74.
[12] Guan H,Li J,Zhang B,et al.Synthesis,properties,and humidity resistance enhancement of biodegradable cellulose-containing superabsorbent polymer[J].Journal of Polymers,2017,2017:1-8.
[13] Miljkovic V,Gajic I,Nikolic L.Waste materials as a resource for production of CMC superabsorbent hydrogel for sustainable agriculture[J].Polymers,2021,13(23):4115.
[14] Mohammadbagheri Z,Rahmati A,Hoshyarmanesh P.Synthesis of a novel superabsorbent with slow-release urea fertilizer using modified cellulose as a grafting agent and flexible copolymer[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2021,182:1893-1905.
[15] 宁峰,亢敏霞,马长坡,等.利用竹屑制备可降解纤维素基高吸水树脂[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2020,36(5):26-33.
[16] Li S M,Chen G.Agricultural waste-derived superabsorbent hydrogels:preparation,performance,and socioeconomic impacts[J].Journal of Cleaned Production,2020,251:119669.
[17] Ion C,Maria D,Anca S A,et al.Development of novel superabsorbent hybrid hydrogels by E-Beam crosslinking[J].Gels,2021,7(4):189.
[18] Cheng B X,Pei B Y,Wang Z K,et al.Advances in chitosan-based superabsorbent hydrogels[J].RSC Advances,2018,7(67):42036-42046.
[19] Ma G F,Yang Q,Ran F T,et al.High performance and low cost composite superabsorbent based on polyaspartic acid and palygorskite clay[J].Applied Clay Science,2015,118:21-28.
[20] 周炜,朱亮,王中华,等.水稻秸秆/膨润土基高吸水树脂的制备[J].合成树脂及塑料,2019,36(3):31-36.
[21] Chen M,Chen X,Zhang C,et al.Kaolin-enhanced superabsorbent composites:synthesis,characterization and swelling behaviors[J].Polymers,2021,13(8):1204.
[22] 李琴,杨岳斌,刘君,等.我国粉煤灰利用现状及展望[J].能源研究与管理,2022(1):29-34.
[23] 李琴,何川,常凯善,等.我国北方五省燃煤电厂粉煤灰产生及堆存现状[J].能源研究与管理,2022(2):24-28.
[24] 张力,李星吾,张元赏,等.粉煤灰综合利用进展及前景展望[J].建材发展导向,2021,19(24):1-6.
[25] Maharana M,Sen S.Industrial solid waste based EU-12 nanozeolite:synthesis and characterisation[J].Waste and Biomass Valorization,2022(13):1695-1703.
[26] 刘小飞,杨林,刘广华,等.粉煤灰喷射混凝土的最优掺量研究[J].江西建材,2022(5):40-41,44.
[27] 乔光华.粉煤灰掺量对塑性混凝土静态强度特性的影响分析[J].混凝土,2022(5):108-111,116.
[28] 张腾腾,王传林,张宇轩,等.粉煤灰掺量对海水海砂高性能混凝土性能的影响[J].硅酸盐通报,2022,41(5):1677-1688.
[29] 王锡武.粉煤灰对混凝土性能的影响和工程应用[J].散装水泥,2022(1):24-26.
[30] 贺龙强.粉煤灰制备耐盐性复合高吸水性树脂的研究[J].化工新型材料,2018,46(5):231-234.
[31] Sousa H R,Lima I S,Neris L M L,et al.Superabsorbent hydrogels based to polyacrylamide/cashew tree gum for the controlled release of water and plant nutrients[J].Molecules,2021,26:2680.
[32] 余响林,王哲,刘佳俊,等.光/生物双降解纳米TiO2/CMC基高吸水树脂的合成及性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2019,47(4):129-133.
[33] Wang W,Qi L Q,Zhang P,et al.Removal of COD in wastewater by magnetic coagulant preparedfrom modified fly ash[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2021,29(34):52175-52188.
基金资助
甘肃圆陇路桥机械化公路工程有限责任公司技术服务项目(2021-SDLH2-QT08);甘肃润源环境资源科技有限公司技术服务项目[(2021)391]
PDF
