二维材料是指电子仅可在两个维度的纳米尺度上自由运动的材料,由于其独特的层状结构、高比表面积及良好的化学可修饰性,在物理、化学和纳米技术领域有着广泛的应用前景。此外,不同的二维纳米材料具有潜在导电性、高导热性、催化活性及抗紫外能力,可满足不同材料的特殊使用需求。当二维材料作为阻燃剂使用时,可以形成有效物理屏障,提高基材热稳定性,降低材料的易燃性,保障材料的使用安全。对层状双氢氧化物(LDHs)、过渡金属二硫化物(TMDs)、黑磷(BP)和六方氮化硼(h-BN)等二维材料作为阻燃剂使用时的制备技术和阻燃性能进行了详细阐述,并对二维材料未来的研究发展方向进行了展望。
Two-dimensional materials (2D) refer to materials in which electrons can only move freely on two dimensions of nanometer scale.Due to their unique layered structure,high specific surface area and good chemical modifiability,they have a wide application prospect in the fields of physics,chemistry and nanotechnology.In addition,different 2D nanomaterials have potential conductivity,high thermal conductivity,catalytic activity and ultraviolet resistance,which can meet the special needs of different materials.When 2D materials are used as flame retardants,they can form effective physical barriers,improve the thermal stability of the substrate,reduce the flammability of the materials,and ensure the safety of the materials.In this paper,the preparation technology and flame retardancy of 2D materials such as layered double hydroxides (LDHs),transition metal disulfides (TMDs),black phosphorus (BP) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) used as flame retardants were described in detail,and the future research and development direction of 2D materials was also prospected.
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基金资助
浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(LZ23C160002);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2019C02037)
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