近年来,传统导热流体的传热已经不能满足电子设备、制冷制热设备、汽车工业和可再生能源设备等产业的快速发展,纳米流体的极速发展成为解决这些问题最有希望的途径。纳米流体具有高效率、高传热性能等优点,但其在稳定性方面存在巨大缺陷。为使纳米流体在实际应用中保持较长时间的稳定,许多科研工作者对此进行了大量的实验研究和分子模拟。通过汇总和分析大量文献,首先分别从表面活性剂、pH、温度、颗粒质量分数、基液性质等方面对稳定性的影响进行探究,其次简述了纳米流体稳定性的多种评价方法,最后对未来的研究方向进行展望。
In recent years,the heat transfer of traditional thermal fluid has been unable to meet the rapid development of electronic equipment,refrigeration and heating equipment,automotive industry and renewable energy equipment.The rapid development of nanofluids provides the most promising way to cover the demands.Nanofluids display the high efficiency and high heat transfer performance.However,the low stability of the nanofluids imposes the negative influence on their performances.In order to improve their stability in the practical application,many research and molecular simulations have been carried out.By summarizing and analyzing a large number of literatures,firstly,the effects of surfactants,pH value,temperature,particle mass fraction,and properties of base liquid on the stability were explored.Secondly,various evaluation methods for the stability of nanofluids were briefly described.Finally,the future research directions were proposed.
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基金资助
江苏省青蓝工程项目(SCZ1908200013)
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