淡水资源短缺已成为人类面临的一个突出问题,但传统水处理技术存在高成本、高能耗、低效率的问题。由于太阳能具有绿色、可持续的特点,应用气凝胶材料组成的界面太阳能蒸发器来进行海水淡化、污水与废水的处理已引起人们的高度关注。在界面太阳能光热蒸发处理水的过程中,其水处理效率与太阳能的吸收及利用、水传输通道及热量管理等密切相关,尤其是太阳能的吸收及利用。简要综述了有机气凝胶材料在界面太阳能光热蒸发技术方面的应用及研究进展,包括有机气凝胶材料所用光热材料的类型、光热转换材料转换机制的介绍以及重点对负载不同光热材料的有机气凝胶材料在界面太阳能光热蒸发水处理方面的研究与应用进行了综述,并对有机气凝胶材料在界面太阳光热蒸发进行水处理的发展趋势进行了展望。
The shortage of freshwater resources has become a prominent problem faced by mankind,but the traditional water treatment technology has the problems of high cost,high energy consumption and low efficiency.Due to the green and sustainable characteristics of solar energy,the application of interfacial solar evaporators composed of aerogel materials for seawater desalination,sewage and wastewater treatment has attracted great attention.In the process of interfacial solar photothermal evaporation for water treatment,the efficiency of water treatment is closely related to the absorption and utilization of solar energy,water transport channel and heat management,especially the absorption and utilization of solar energy.This paper briefly summarized the application and research progress of organic aerogel materials in interfacial solar photothermal evaporation technology,including the types of photothermal materials used in organic aerogel materials and the introduction of the conversion mechanism of the photothermal conversion materials,and focusing on the research and applications of organic aerogel materials loaded with different photothermal materials in interfacial solar photothermal evaporation for water treatment.The development trend of organic aerogel materials in interfacial solar photothermal evaporation for water treatment was also prospected.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(51673059);河南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310464011);河南科技大学研究生创新基金项目(2023-N11N13N15);河南科技大学SRTP项目(2023039)
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