采用溶液聚合法,将黄原胶分别与丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺接枝,再添加不同类型黏土制备了黄原胶/黏土复合吸水树脂,对复合吸水树脂的溶胀性能、保水率及抗蒸发性能进行测定,并利用扫描电子显微镜观察其微观结构。结果表明,与未添加黏土的吸水树脂相比,添加黏土后复合吸水树脂的吸水倍率、耐盐性、保水率及抗蒸发性能均得到提高,黄原胶/高岭土、黄原胶/膨润土、黄原胶/蒙脱土复合吸水树脂在去离子水中的吸水倍率分别为215.6g/g、177.2g/g、184.5g/g,具有良好的耐盐性。其中,添加高岭土制备的复合吸水树脂的综合性能最佳,2h内该吸水树脂在60℃、75℃、90℃和105℃时的保水率分别达到36.4%、28.9%、10.2%和7.7%,制备的复合吸水树脂可有效降低土壤水分蒸发。

A solution polymerization method was used to prepare xanthan gum/clay absorbent resin by grafting acrylic acid and acrylamide with xanthan gum,respectively,and adding different types of clays.The swelling performance,water retention rate,and anti-evaporation performance of the absorbent resin were measured,and the microstructure of the composite absorbent resin was observed using scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that compared with the absorbent resin without clay,the addition of clay improved the water absorption rate,salt resistance,water retention rate,and evaporation resistance of the composite absorbent resin.The water absorption rates of kaolin superabsorbent,bentonite superabsorbent,and montmorillonite superabsorbent in deionized water were 215.6g/g,177.2g/g,and 184.5g/g,respectively,indicating good salt resistance.Among them,the comprehensive performance of composite absorbent resin prepared by adding kaolin was the best.Within 2 h,the water retention rates of the resin at 60℃,75℃,90℃,and 105℃ reached 36.4%,28.9%,10.2%,and 7.7%,respectively.The prepared composite absorbent resin can effectively reduce soil moisture evaporation.