PDF
摘要
围绕废旧涤纶纺织品产量大,无法有效降解和难以回收利用等多处痛点,以及汉麻秆焚烧造成环境污染的问题。以废旧涤纶织物为基体材料,废弃汉麻秆为增强材料,水性环氧树脂胶液为胶粘剂,采用物理共混和模压成型的方法制备了一种绿色环保的复合材料。首先采用傅里叶红外光谱和力学性能测试分析了碱处理汉麻秆粉末对复合材料力学性能的影响;然后通过单因子实验和正交试验探究了汉麻秆质量分数和热压工艺参数对复合材料的力学性能的影响。结果表明:碱处理能有效去除汉麻秆粉的半纤维素与部分木质素及其他杂质,提高了复合材料的力学性能;当汉麻秆质量分数30%、热压温度为180℃、热压时间为15min、热压压力为10MPa时,废旧涤纶织物/汉麻秆复合材料的力学性能达到最优,复合材料的内结合强度、弯曲强度及弯曲模量分别为5.17MPa、37.7MPa和3479MPa。
Abstract
Around the large production of waste polyester textiles,inability of effective degradation and difficulty of recycling and other multiple pain points,as well as the environmental pollution caused by the burning of hemp stalks,a green composite material was prepared through physical blending and compression molding method by using waste polyester textile as the matrix material,waste hemp stalks as the reinforcing material,and waterborne epoxy resin glue as the adhesive.Firstly,the effects of alkali treatment of hemp stalk powder on the mechanical properties of the composite were analyzed by Fourier infrared spectroscopy and mechanical property tests,then the effects of the mass fraction of hemp stalks and the parameters of the hot pressing process on the mechanical properties of the composite were investigated by one-way experiments and orthogonal tests.The results showed that alkali treatment effectively removed hemicellulose and part of the lignin and other impurities of hemp stalk powder,which improved the mechanical properties of the composite material.The mechanical properties of the waste polyester fabric/hemp stalk composites were optimized when the mass fraction of hemp stalk was 30%,the hot pressing temperature was 180℃,the hot pressing time was 15min,and the hot pressing pressure was 10MPa,and the internal bonding strength,the flexural strength,and the flexural modulus of the composite were 5.17MPa,37.7MPa,and 3479MPa,respectively.
关键词
废旧涤纶织物
/
汉麻秆
/
模压成型
/
力学性能
Key words
waste polyester fabric
/
hemp stalk
/
compression molding
/
mechanical property
废旧涤纶织物/汉麻秆复合材料的制备及其力学性能研究[J].
化工新型材料, 2024, 52(10): 276-281 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2024.10.042
[1] Colomines G,Van der Lee A,Robin J J,et al.Study of the crystallinity of polyesters derived from the glycolysis of PET[J].Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics,2006,207(16):1461-1473.
[2] 陈龙,周哲,张军,等.废旧棉与涤纶纺织品化学法循环再生利用的研究进展[J].纺织学报,2022,43(5):43-48.
[3] 缪星宇,石振,许迪,等.废旧涤纶纺织品制备纤维增强复合材料的研究现状[J].毛纺科技,2023,51(2):129-134.
[4] 廖虹云.加强城市废弃物循环和资源化利用的思路建议[J].环境保护,2021,49(7):57-61.
[5] 蒋志茵.汉麻秆活性炭对染料吸附性能的研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2009.
[6] 刘朝艳,宁军,朱永茂,等.2012—2013年世界塑料工业进展[J].塑料工业,2014,42(3):1-41,93.
[7] 庞通.关于聚丙烯生产工艺技术研究[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2020,40(2):28-29.
[8] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法:GB/T 17657—2013[S].2013.
[9] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.塑料弯曲性能的测定:GB/T 9341—2008[S].2008.
[10] Ganan P,Zuluaga R,Restrepo A,et al.Plantain fiber bundles isolated from Colombian agro-industrial residues[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(3):486-491.
[11] Popescu C M,Popescu M C,Vasile C.Structural analysis of photodegraded lime wood by means of FT-IR and 2DIR correlation spectroscopy[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2011,48(4):667-675.
[12] Wang X,Ren H.Comparative study of the photo-discoloration of moso bamboo (phyllostachys pubescens mazel) and two wood species[J].Applied Surface Science,2008,254(21):7029-7034.
[13] Haque M M,Hasan M,Islam S M,et al.Physico-mechanical properties of chemically treated palm and coir fiber reinforced polypropylene composites[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(20):4903-4906.
[14] 马丽.植物纤维/ABS木塑复合材料的制备、结构与性能研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2012.
[15] Reddy K O,Reddy K R N,Zhang J,et al.Effect of Alkali treatment on the properties of century fiber[J].Journal of Natural Fibers,2013,10(3):282-296.
[16] Hossain M K,Dewan M W,Hosur M,et al.Mechanical performances of surface modified jute fiber reinforced biopol nanophased green composites[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2011,42(6):1701-1707.
[17] 焦学健,李丽君,董抒华,等.聚丙烯/麦秸秆木塑复合材料的力学性能[J].工程塑料应用,2017,45(12):25-28.
[18] 王春红,任子龙,刘胜凯,等.回收塑料/稻壳粉木塑复合材料的制备及性能研究[J].工程塑料应用,2015(2):39-43.
[19] 龙婷.废纺毡的成型工艺优化及阻燃性能研究[D].杭州:浙江理工大学,2020.
[20] 崔靖.花生壳粉末制作填充材料工艺及其性能研究[D].大连:大连工业大学,2011.
[21] 陈卉颖.棕榈纤维/聚丙烯复合材料的制备和力学性能研究[D].上海:东华大学,2012.
基金资助
山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2020-052);山西浙大新材料与化工研究院资助项目(2021SX-TD013);山西省自然青年科学基金项目(20210302124200)
