碳载体的功能化是提高燃料电池电催化剂性能的重要手段。通过在碳载体表面引入特定原子或官能团,可以促进金属纳米粒子的均匀分散,提高电催化剂的催化活性。此外,通过金属-载体相互作用,还可以改善催化剂的电化学稳定性,提高其抗中毒能力。与共价功能化方法相比,非共价功能化方法具有反应条件温和、不破坏载体材料的表面结构完整性以及环境友好等优点。近年来,聚合物作为一类良好的非共价功能化试剂,被广泛用于电催化剂的制备。综述了聚合物功能化电催化剂的研究进展,重点探讨了阳离子型聚合物、阴离子型聚合物及导电聚合物的非共价功能化作用。
The functionalization of carbon supports is an important means to improve the catalytic performances of fuel cell electrocatalysts.By introducing certain atoms or functional groups onto the surfaces of carbon supports,the uniform distributions of metal nanoparticles can be improved and the catalytic activities of electrocatalysts can be increased.In addition,the electrochemical stabilities and the poison resistances of catalysts can also be improved through the metal-support interaction.Compared to covalent functionalization methods,non-covalent functionalization methods have many advantages,including mild reaction conditions,harmlessness to the structural integrity of support materials and environmentally friendliness.In recent years,as a kind of excellent non-covalent functionalization reagents,polymers have been widely used in the preparation of electrocatalysis.In this paper,the research progress on the polymer-functionalized electrocatalysts was reviewed,and the non-covalent functionalization effects of cationic polymers,anionic polymers and conducting polymers were discussed.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基面上项目(21273152)
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