酚醛树脂基烧蚀材料作为航天、军工等领域应用最广泛的烧蚀材料之一,以优异的性能及低成本、制备周期短等优点备受关注。随着航天技术的发展,为满足日益复杂化和严苛化的飞行器热防护需求,国内外均开展了大量研究工作。重点从基体、填料、增强纤维3个方面对国内外酚醛树脂基烧蚀材料的发展现状进行了综述,展望了酚醛树脂烧蚀材料未来的发展趋势并提出一些发展建议。指出应完善烧蚀材料烧蚀机理,探究不同组分多尺度协同改进及其结构一体化设计以提高材料的综合性能;优化材料制备工艺和改善材料的循环利用,实现绿色可持续发展。
As one of the most widely used ablative materials in aerospace and military fields,phenolic resin-based ablative materials have attracted much attention from researchers due to their excellent performance,low cost,and short preparation period.With the development of aerospace technology,a large amount of research has been conducted at home and abroad to meet spacecraft's increasingly complex and harsh thermal protection requirements.Emphasis was placed on the review of the development status of phenolic resin-based ablative materials at domestic and foreign from three aspects:matrix,filler,and reinforcing fiber.The future development trend of phenolic resin ablative materials was prospected and some suggestions for subsequent development were proposed.It was pointed out that the future development of ablative materials should focus on improving the ablation mechanism,exploring the multi-scale synergistic improvement of different components and their structural integration design to enhance the comprehensive performance of the materials.Furthermore,it suggested optimizing the material preparation process and improving the recycling of materials to achieve green and sustainable development.
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基金资助
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022NY-085);西安市科技局项目(2022JH-RY FW-0045);西安工程大学博士科研启动基金(BS201863)
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