化工新型材料

化工新型材料 ›› 2024, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (8) : 60-66. DOI: 10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2024.08.034

综述与专论

锂离子电池高镍单晶正极材料研究进展

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作者信息 +

Research progress of high-nickel single crystal cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Yin Yanxin¹, Qiu Xiangyun^1,2, Li Miaomiao^1,3, Zhang Tao¹, Dai Zuoqiang¹

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文章历史 +

Received
2023-04-20
Issue Date	Revised Date
2024-08-15	2023-04-20

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摘要

高镍单晶正极材料LiNi_1-x-yCo_xMn_yO₂(0<x+y≤0.5)是锂电池最为重要的正极材料之一,具有循环性能优异和比容量高等优点,因此是目前相关领域研究的热点之一,具有广阔的发展前景。然而,该类材料仍存在离子扩散速率慢、晶体微裂纹、阳离子无序化、首圈库仑效率偏低等问题,这些问题严重阻碍了材料的发展进程。为了解决这些问题,国内外学者近年来针对高镍单晶正极材料的改性与优化做了大量的研究工作,并取得了较多的研究进展。综述了近年来单晶正极材料的研究成果,概括了单晶正极材料的结构、衰减机理及其问题改善策略。同时,侧重介绍了合成方面的改进和优化方法,并对未来单晶正极材料的发展方向进行展望。

Abstract

High-nickel single crystal cathode material LiNi_1-x-yCo_xMn_yO₂ (0<x+y≤0.5) is one of the most important cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.It has the advantages of excellent cycling performance and high specific capacity,making it a hot topic in related research fields with broad development prospects.However,the material still faces problems such as slow ion diffusion rate,crystal microcracks,cation disorder,and low first-cycle Coulombic efficiency,which seriously hinder its development.To address these issues,in recent years,scholars at home and abroad have conducted a lot of research on the modification and optimization of high-nickel single crystal cathode materials,and have made significant research progress.This article reviewed the research progress of single crystal cathode materials in recent years,summarized the structure,degradation mechanism,and problem improvement strategies of single crystal cathode materials.It focused on introducing the improvement and optimizations in synthesis of this kind of material,and looked forward to the future development direction of single crystal cathode materials.

关键词

锂离子电池 / 正极材料 / 高镍单晶 / 改性优化 / 材料掺杂 / 材料包覆

Key words

lithium-ion battery / cathode material / high-nickel single crystal / modification optimization / material doping / material coating

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锂离子电池高镍单晶正极材料研究进展[J]. 化工新型材料, 2024, 52(8): 60-66 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2024.08.034

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