相变材料因高能量存储密度、高潜热和良好的热稳定性被广泛应用于潜热储能,但是泄漏、热导率低等问题限制了相变材料在热储能中的应用。微囊化能够防止相变材料的泄漏,降低与外界环境的反应并提高热导率,因此相变微胶囊是提高相变材料导热性和解决泄漏等问题的有效方法。介绍了相变微胶囊常见的制备方法及其在建筑材料、太阳能储能及热管理系统中的应用,并展望了该材料未来的发展趋势。
Phase change materials (PCMs) are widely used for latent heat energy storage because of their high energy storage density,high latent heat and good thermal stability.However,problems such as leakage and low thermal conductivity limit the application of PCMs' in thermal energy storage.Microencapsulation can prevent the leakage of PCMs,reduce the reaction with the external environment and increase the thermal conductivity,so phase change microencapsulation is an effective method to improve the thermal conductivity of PCMs and solve the problems such as leakage.The common preparation methods of phase change microcapsules and their applications in building materials,solar energy storage and thermal management systems were introduced,and the future development trend of this material was prospected.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(51966004);江西省自然科学基金(20212BAB204029)
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