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摘要
由于酚醛纤维具有优异的阻燃、耐烧蚀、隔热性能,研究酰胺改性剂处理后的酚醛纤维的性能,以及三种规格酚醛纤维(Pf-10、Pf-15和Pf-20)增强的芳氧基聚磷腈(PDPP)和三元乙丙(EPDM)绝热材料。结果表明,酰胺结构含量对酚醛纤维力学性能具有显著影响,Pf-15力学强度最优,为290.2MPa,伸长率为5.8%。不同结构的酚醛纤维增强PDPP的力学性能影响接近,PDPP/Pf-15材料的力学强度达8.6MPa,伸长率204%;同时,EPDM对纤维结构的选择性差异较大,Pf-15纤维补强的效果最优,拉伸强度可达16.1MPa。而随着酰胺含量的提高,酚醛纤维复合的芳氧基聚磷腈和三元乙丙绝热材料的线性烧蚀率均逐渐下降,PDPP/Pf-20和EPDM/Pf-20的线烧蚀率最低分别为0.0284mm/s和0.0156mm/s。对比烧蚀层形貌发现,PDPP/Pf比EPDM/Pf形成的绝热层炭层更坚固、结构更完整。
Abstract
Due to the excellent properties of flame retardation,ablative resistance and heat insulation of phenolic fiber,the properties of phenolic fibers treated with amide modifier were studied,and the three specifications of phenolic fibers (Pf-10,Pf-15 and Pf-20) reinforced poly(aryloxy)phosphazene (PDPP) and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) insulation materials were studied.The results showed the amide content had a significant effect on the mechanical properties of phenolic fibers.The mechanical strength of Pf-15 was the best and reached 290.2MPa,and the elongation at break was 5.8%.In addition,the effects of phenolic fibers with different structures on the mechanical properties of PDPP were similar.The mechanical strength of PDPP/Pf-15 was 8.6MPa and the elongation was 204%.However,the selectivity of EPDM to fiber structure was quite different.Pf-15 fiber had the best reinforcement effect,and the tensile strength could reach 16.1MPa.With the increase of the amide content,the linear ablation rate of the phenolic fiber composite poly (aryloxyphosphazene) and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) decreased gradually.The minimum linear ablation rates of PDPP/Pf-20 and EPDM/Pf-20 were 0.0284mm/s and 0.0156mm/s,respectively.Comparing the morphology of the ablation layer,it was found that the carbon layer of the insulation layer formed by PDPP/Pf was stronger and more structurally intact than that formed by EPDM/Pf.
关键词
芳氧基聚磷腈
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三元乙丙橡胶
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酚醛纤维
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力学性能
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耐烧蚀性能
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绝热材料
Key words
poly(aryloxy)phosphazene
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EPDM
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phenolic fiber
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mechanical properties
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ablative resistance
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thermal insulation material
酚醛纤维对芳氧基聚磷腈绝热层的性能影响研究[J].
化工新型材料, 2024, 52(7): 120-125 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2024.07.019
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(51773010)
