上浆是玻璃纤维加工过程中的关键步骤。水性聚氨酯作为玻璃纤维上浆剂具有机械强度高和耐磨性好等优点。以二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(HMDI)和聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMEG)为单体,合成了阴离子水性聚氨酯(AWPU),在稀释的AWPU乳液中加入定量硅烷偶联剂KH570制备了玻璃纤维上浆剂。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、热重分析仪对AWPU的官能团、热性能进行表征并测试了其稳定性,研究了AWPU含量对上浆玻璃纤维(SGF)微观形貌、力学性能和集束性能的影响。结果表明:随着上浆剂中AWPU含量的增加,SGF表面越来越光滑;AWPU质量分数在15%～20%时,SGF的机械性能增幅最大;SGF-20断裂强力高达984.528cN,与未上浆玻璃纤维相比断裂强力提高了72.6%,耐磨性能比SGF-15提高了93.2%;SGF-20的集束性能最佳,上浆率达到2.3%。
Sizing is a key step in glass fiber processing.Waterborne polyurethane as glass fiber sizing agent has the advantages of high mechanical strength and good abrasion resistance.Anionic waterborne polyurethane (AWPU) was synthesized using dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI) and polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol (PTMEG) as the monomers.The glass fiber sizing agent was prepared by adding a quantitative silane coupling agent,KH570,to the diluted AWPU emulsion.The functional group and thermal properties of AWPU were characterized and the stability was tested by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and thermogravimetric analyzer.The effects of AWPU content on the micro-morphology,mechanical properties,and bunching properties of sizing glass fibers (SGF) were investigated.The results showed that with the increase of AWPU content in sizing agent,the surface of SGF became smoother and smoother.The mechanical properties of SGF increased the most when the mass fraction of AWPU changed from 15% to 20%.The breaking strength of SGF-20 was as high as 984.528cN,which increased the breaking strength by 72.6% compared with the un-sized glass fibers,and the abrasion resistance increased by 93.2% compared with SGF-15.The bunching performance of SGF-20 was the best,and the sizing rate reached 2.3%.
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基金资助
江苏省自然科学基金(20200608)
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