金属有机框架(MOFs)材料在膜技术领域受到的关注日益增长,其规则且高度可调的亚纳米尺寸孔道结构、高孔隙率以及官能化修饰的灵活性,使MOFs膜在精细化离子筛分方面表现出良好的应用潜力。近年来,离子在MOFs多晶膜、MOFs混合基质膜和MOFs通道膜体系内的选择性传输行为相继被报道,基于MOFs材料的结构-性能关系,通过可控设计以优化膜的选择性和稳定性取得了诸多进展。系统地梳理了上述MOFs膜的制备、离子选择性分离机理和优化思路,对比分析了其各自的特点和实际应用面临的挑战,基于此,提出MOFs膜在离子分离领域的潜在发展方向。
Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) materials have gained increasing attention in the field of membrane technology.The highly ordered and adjustable sub-nanometer-sized pores,high porosity and functionalization flexibility endow MOFs membranes with great application potential for efficient ion separation.The selective ion transport behaviors in MOFs polycrystalline membranes,MOFs mixed matrix membranes and MOFs channel membranes have been successively reported.Based on the structure-property relationship of MOFs materials,significant progress has been made in optimizing the selectivity and stability of membrane through controlled design.In this review,the fabrication,selective ion separation mechanisms and optimization strategies of MOFs membranes were systematically reviewed.Their typical characteristics and the challenges faced in the practical applications were comparatively analyzed.Based on this,the potential research directions of MOFs membranes in the field of ion separation were proposed.
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基金资助
中国石油化工股份有限公司科研项目(421041-1)
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