硅具有极高的理论容量、较低的电压平台和丰富的自然资源,是最有潜力的下一代高能量密度锂离子电池负极材料之一。但其电导率低,循环过程中体积变化大,难以直接作为负极材料。硅碳复合材料结合了硅的高比容量和碳的高电导率,同时确保电极的结构完整性。从维度结构、复合材料、应用性能等方面综述了近年硅基负极材料的研究进展,并对硅基材料面临的问题进行了简要总结,对其作为锂离子电池负极的研究前景进行展望。
With extremely high theoretical capacity,low voltage platform and abundant natural resources,silicon is one of the most potential anode materials for the next-generation of high-energy density lithium-ion batteries.However,due to its low conductivity and large volume change during the cycle,it is difficult to be used as anode material directly.Silicon-carbon composites combine the high specific capacity of silicon with the high conductivity of carbon while ensuring the structural integrity of the electrodes.In this paper,the research progress of silicon-based anode materials in recent years was reviewed from the aspects of dimension structure,composite materials and application performance,the problems faced by silicon-based materials were summarized briefly,and the research prospect of their use as anode for lithium-ion batteries was discussed.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(51902232)
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